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I whiting for the BOH synth to be completed and that the research in its antidepressant / anti anxiety properties will begin!!

wikipedia.org said:

It is the β-methoxy analog of methylenedioxyphenethylamine (MDPEA) and is also more distantly related to methylone. On account of its similarity to norepinephrine, the effects of BOH may be of a purely adrenergic nature.^[1] BOH was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin.^[1] In his book PiHKAL, the dosage range is listed as 80–120 mg, and the duration listed as 6–8 hours. Shulgin reports that BOH causes slight warmth, mydriasis, anorexia, mild nausea, and cold feet, with no psychedelic, entactogen, or euphoriant effects.^[1] He gives it a ++ on the Shulgin Rating Scale.^[1] Very little is known about the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, effects, and toxicity of BOH.

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Erowid.org said:

DOSAGE: 80 - 120mg


DURATION: 6 - 8 h.


QUALITATIVE COMMENTS:

With 90 mg: Distinct body awareness in an hour. The threshold is mostly physical. Faint sense of inside warmth, skin prickling, cold feet, loose bowels, anorexia. By the fifth hour, I was on the downslope, and in retrospect I found it good humored but not insightful.


With 100 mg: There was a vague nausea, and a chilling of the feet. It reached a real plus two, with dilated pupils and quite a thirst. How can one describe the state? There were no visuals, and I was not even stoned. I was just very turned on. And I was completely back to baseline by hour number six.


EXTENSIONS AND COMMENTARY:
There are several reports of a nice, mild mood enhancement in the 20-40 milligram dosage area, but searches for psychedelic effects at higher levels gave a strange mix of some sort of an altered state along with bodily discomfort. The BOH name for this member of the BOX family follows the convention discussed in the BOD recipe--with RHS for homopiperonylamine, the simplest of the muni-metro family, q.v. The demethylated homologue of BOH is BOHH, and is the methylenedioxy analogue of norepinephrine. It might well hydrolytically open up in the body to provide this neurotransmitter, and serve as some sort of transmitter in its own right. It is discussed under DME.

Maybe there is something to the concept that when you imitate a neurotransmitter too closely, you get a hybrid gemisch of activity. The term "pro-drug" is used to identify a compound that may not be intrinsically active, but one which metabolizes in the body to provide an active drug. I feel the term should have been pre-drug, but pro-drug was the word that caught on. BOH may well act in the body as a pro-drug to norepinephrine, but with the temporary blocking of the polar functions with ether groups, it can gain access to the brain. And once there, it can be stripped of these shields and play a direct neurological role. I uncovered a very similar analogy in the tryptamine world some years ago. Just as norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter, so is serotonin. And I found that by putting an O-ether on the indolic phenol (to hide its polarity) and an alpha-methyl group next to the primary amine (to protect it from metabolic deaminase), it became an extremely potent, and most complex, psychedelic. This was the compound alpha,O-dimethylserotonin, or a,O-DMS. There is an uncanny analogy between this tryptamine and the phenethylamine BOH.
Somehow the quiet voice deep inside me says, don't use too much, too quickly. Maybe one of the optical isomers is the body thing, and the other isomer is the mind thing. So far, only the racemic mixture has been tasted, to the best of my knowledge.

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Personal Experiance said:

I have just have had the chance to sample this drug at 1 time and i was somewhat tired and worn out from a long night.
I took the safe road and after reading in PiKAL I chose to and ingested 48mg in a capsule and after about 45 minutes i started to feel more energetic or rather not so tired more like normal and my mood was somewhat lifted. Didn't really felt anything special then some light mood enhancement and it took away the feeling of tiredness and instead i felt quite normal.. Maybe cross tolerances was in play her i don't exactly know but it lasted around 4-5H then i started to feel tired agen and i fell asleep. When i woke up i felt rested witch i didn't really expected. Didn't have the time to test it in the higher scale and it's almost a decade ago but now it seems like I'm gonna get a new chance to sample this one. Still need to kick a bad habit first but then it's time for test number #2.

Interesting that I felt rested when i woke up! I hade really not expected that!

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BlueLight: The Small & Handy BOH Thread

I have quit a lot of bad habits like Cock, Alcohol and Benzo many times during my life!
But the withdrawal symptoms of Akryl-Fentanyl is the worst i ever experienced!
(It was when i got this i just sad that i would stope taking it, and i know realized i need to ween myself of and not go cold turkey)

It didn't hit me until for some week's ago whin I ran out and hade to stop..
I hadn't ordered more because i noticed i was doing it more and more and hade built up a fairly high tolerance.

I woke up at 4am one day and i felt like i was dying!
My body hurt like hell (Like wheen your sick with high fever but worse), i felt so nauseous and all of a sudden i just puked sitting up in my bed! I rushed into the toilet and puked some more and it was now i also felt the cramps in mostly my stomach but also in my hands and feet mostly. Didn't think the cramps was from Acryl-Fentanyl at first since i know i ha-dent taken my Benzo witch i have hade for 12+ years.

No i skip forward until present day. I now take 0.2mg but I was down to 0.1 but incised it
I take that dosage maybe 3-5 times a day.. (Planing on going down to one in the morning and one in the evening..)

And i have never taken any monster dosage of it.. At most maybe 0.4mg * 10 speed at leased 1h apart

Need to write something that gives me joy now.. But will frequently update along the way until I'm of AF

With Love

I will not say that I'm a Heroin. Opiate or Fentanyle junky!

BUT

For about 2-3moths ago i started taking Akryl-Fentanyle on a regularly basis!
It's widely available where i live and I'm always curious on new RC's and chemicals.

With age i have stopped making rely stupid choices and the frequency of my chemical intake has dropped drastically to almost 0 just before i tried F-A.

I was just curious about it and thought i could at least test it one's..

Don't do that mistake!!
STAY AWAY from Fentanyles!

//With love!

I drink because I like the feeling that it gives me, I also drink because I enjoy the taste of any alcohol.
Meaning, there's been times in my life (not just here recently) but over this past year where I've found myself drinking listerine,not just once or twice, but atleast a dozen times. You think that shit tastes like ass, but for me I can guzzle it down quicker with no chaser. Yeah fucked up, we'll wish I could show a picture of my nose, because it's broken. Not only that I have road rash all along the right side of my arm and body.
It started off with me going to dollar general and boosting a bottle of listeriene, the big bottle (Only the brown shit).
next I went back to my job where we were all waiting on getting paid, I crack the bottle and start drinking. Well, I left and went back to dollar general and boosted another bottle. Well I must have fuckd my face up sometime after that because I found my bag behind the dumpster at DG, and a pool of blood.
Long story short I ended up riding my bike back to the job and the boss man saw my face and thought someone had fucked me up, I ended up riding my bike home and later went to the hospital.
Needless to say I got a fucked up face from drinking listerine.

Rebooked and back on 28th. At peace with it. These last few months have been full of purge and change. Also feeling pretty numb in all aspects but drinking less and using less. Guess that's a plus. Feeling also very betrayed, people that I thought loved me turned out to be snakes. Banking is a cuthroat business full of assholes who only have their best interests at heart. Why the fuck am I in this game. This is not me.

It's ok tho, I will work this out one day at a time. Health first atm.

Rebooked and back on 28th. At peace with it. These last few months have been full of purge and change. Also feeling pretty numb in all aspects but drinking less and using less. Guess that's a plus. Feeling also very betrayed, people that I thought loved me turned out to be snakes. Banking is a cuthroat business full of assholes who only have their best interests at heart. Why the fuck am I in this game. This is not me.

It's ok tho, I will work this out one day at a time. Health first atm.

She is bi and wants a threesome with one of her girlfriends I barely know. This girl introduced my girlfriend to the world of BDSM and is somewhat too openly sexual for my liking; I'm very private with my sexuality, she's very promiscuous and loose. I'm not passing a moral judgement here; just noting the difference in our personality.

Now I've never been in much doubt that I satisfy my woman sexually. Not to brag, but I give her hair pulling, leg shaking oral orgasms and penile ones; I listen carefully and attentively to her fantasies and do my best to fulfill them; I ask her often how she found a sex session went, especially if we tried something spontaneous and new or if if things got a little rough. But I've always had an inkling in the back of my mind that my penis and masculinity could never fully satisfy her and she'd always have a craving for the female touch and finesse.

Well, now I feel like that gut instinct has been vindicated; she suggested to me earlier today, with some keenness, that we have a threesome with one of her friends; a girl I've met few times and barely know; a girl I find sexually attractive, but don't trust, as I don't trust anyone readily when it comes to sex (I've always been a very private person with my sexuality; again, personal disposition.)

To complicate matters further, my girlfriend and I have been engaging in a predominantly D/S relationship for most of the time we've been together. Now while this is only sexual role play and I know I don't ACTUALLY own her, the idea of giving her up to another person physically hurts.

Two people build an intense bond when they've been in a D/S relationship for a while; I think the only way I could handle a threesome is if both my gf and her friend submit to me.

I would become far too jealous and angry to see someone, male or female, use my slave in a way I disapproved of.

I'm glad I wrote this blog, as it's helped me clear up my thoughts surrounding the whole situation a bit.

Yes, that's where I stand. The threesome can take place ONLY if I am in command. This won't be a problem for my girlfriend, and I don't think for her friend either (she's a switch.)

Hey, I actually feel less confused and emotionally distraught now. Typing this all out has, in real time, helped me identify my boundaries.

Cool.

If anyone's interested I'll let them know how things turn out.

It's been a stormy week here in the 'ville', been busy with work cutting trees, so that's a good thing with all these storms and shit, job security breh.
I've been trying to stay busy with work, and finding work. It was some troubling news that my family doesn't want me back around,but I gotta move past that shit and try and move on with my life, yeah it sucks that I can't call mom and dad like I want to, I just have to give it over to god and pray that one day the extranged relationship that we have will get better over time. I'm not counting on it to happen anytime soon.
Still no girlfriend in my world, I have been looking and I got a fucking black eye out of it, so just going to work on myself before I decide to work on getting pussy. It will happen, with the right girl.
I'm still living with this family, and I've never fit in so much in a dysfunctional family before. So after experiencing mom calling cops on daughter for stealing her mom's van, and hitting a can of duster a few times with the other twin,I've never felt so ,like part of something. As for drugs, I'm heroine and meth free. Mom would be proud.

Going to watch it rain and around 8pm I'll be good and shit faced to pop a few bottle rockets off.
Hope everyone has a safe 4th of july!

I guess i mostly post when things aren't great but that's okay. I was doing really well and then I fell flat on my face again. This time though it is proving to be significantly more difficult to pick myself back up. My short term memory may never recover. That is really scary. I mean I am a lot better than I was but I am not normal. I am not sure I could hold a job or anything.

Sacrifice is the highest of the virtues in the concern of love. If you love something, or someone, sacrifice is never sacrifice but a righteous pleasure. Undoubtedly sometimes it hurts - its strenuous. However it's always worth it because the sacrifice is always done for the greater good of the person or object of affection.

If ever you find a pursuit, human or hobby or otherwise feeling empty or lacking - ask yourself. What have I sacrificed lately to show myself and this thing that I am willing and able to give my all for its prospering?

I am really hurting right now. I am under pressure from my methadone clinic to stop smoking weed. The thing is weed is the only drug that makes me not want to kill myself. I am on a ton of precribed psych drugs effexor, gabapentin, seroquel and klonopin. I still feel like I would be happier dead.

Methadone has been the lone bright spot on the last year. Not craving heroine is amazing. But if they take that away from me I will get back on heroin and set out to kill myself with this run. I know a guy who sells acetyl fentanyl so I think I am going to stock up while it's around.

I had a dream that I would get out of this hell hole state. I don't care that much about where I go. California. Seattle, philly, colorado. Pretty much anywhere with medical pot and fun outdoor activities. I want to snowboard or surf. But it'd probably a pipe dream at this point. I have no job no money and I'm probably going to end up strung out again once they kick me off the mdone.

THE FIFTH AND FINAL PART WILL BE REVEALED LATER

Pressure,,,
I break it in the blender
Submachine with no surrender
Try to hit me up in traffic
Work me with the Magick
Spend it.
........
Hope these niggas don't play with me.
Got 3 that stay with me.
Hope these niggas don't play with me

...

dear blog,

kicked new years off with a hell of a start in a homeless shelter, missed the fireworks down town Louisville because of the 11o clock curfew. The shit that went on in that fucking place... droppersneck knows, it wasn't a homeless shelter, it was a place to go and safely do drugs, hell.. i thought everyone was full of shit telling me that Louisville had good heroin. hahaha oh how fucking wrong i was, and yerp considering i was 'homeless', i was still able to purchase $50 a day on my heroin habit.
some ungodly shit, and I've done heroin all over the united states and here, was the first time i did china white. i'm 100% sure that the shit was cut with Fentanyl because to many people were overdosing on it, and lost 7 of my 'homeless buddies' due to overdoses this year because of the shit.
you know you stepped in on some shit when the second you walked into that fucking place that it smelled like fucking Narcan. i got so used to people overdosing around me that it really isn't funny to talk about, because its fucked up when i have to shit in the morning and find some other guy blue in the face sitting on the shit can with a syringe still in his palm in the crouched position, well guess i'm going to have to walk to the hospital (it's the closest place to take a shit) because here in a few minutes the paramedics will be here to haul the dude away. its sad because a lot of the guys and girls that overdose i fucking speak with them, not really about drugs, but like 'hey where u from ASL>?', maybe i could have done something different?
i doubt it, because when i wanted to get high like that, the last thing i wanted to hear from anyone's mouth was 'how was your day'? '..so uhm, u got that can ready' or am i going to have to do it myself'. yeah, it was that bad. lol good luck to who ever is trying to get sober in that place, sure as hell didn't open my eyes to reality.. that didn't happen until later on..

fast forward to February,

if you could imagine, it didn't take long before i got kicked out of the shelter, and really, it was my own fault. you know how we tell on ourselves when we are nodding out, drunk slurring words, or laying on the back spaced out of fucking mind.
three times the charm right?? except this time, i am lucky typing this because it was me that overdosed this time. was found by the staff of the place in the very same bathroom where i found buddy blued out.
told my 'friend' that i was going to take a shower, had the shower running and decided to do a shot. some new shit, bought from a new connect. didn't think much of it except to water it down a little more because i didn't want to over dose.
i hate oxymoron's, and i told you so's, so I'm going to skip all that shit, woke up the next morning in the hospital. Baha'ullah doctors and nurses' telling me how lucky i am to getting the right medication in time. and i just might have a problem? well, yeah i can see that problem now, because i have no where to go back to now, the shelter has had enough of my shit.

oh did i mention I'm smoking spice on top of all this shit?? yeah, by its self, its a s$eezy drug, but once its mixed with heroin and alcohol. shit. I'm lucky to be in a 'shelter'(i mean roof over my head).

So i leave the hospital, only wearing the cloths on my back and the hospital bracelet on my arm, 'where to next'? ha!!!!
well, I've been down this road before. except that last time i had more shit and now an expired ID and some old bus transfers.

I needed a spot, somewhere I can go and bang dope without cops, without anyone. the more I think and write about it, the more it sounds like..the more I wanted to kill myself. what was stopping me? how come god wouldn't let me fucking die? get it together man, you see me fucking struggling!

I hooked up with a shady ass group of people, and was able to rent-a-tent, for some dope, and in the mix, i learned to boost.
whatever you wanted, just meet me at point B when I went to point A. hell, here's an aka-selzer, fuck cause a commotion,have a granny seizure,go to the hospital. when you get out and come back, here's your fucking shit,. wheres my shit? damn straight, dope-man.it's Monday already? damn, that was like Thursday. how the fuck did i feed myself over the weekend? whose pant's am i wearing because i don't do Dickie khakis, unless.. did i go to church on Sunday? heh, that might explain this $50 bill and this $20.

$50 a day habit, soon turned into a $100 a day habit, and that's a gram of heroin, a quarter of spice, a pack of cigarettes, and 2 pints of vodka. (it later turned into the 'brown' Listerine',)

who the fuck can live like this? with people still with me wanting to push me to the extreme, hell, i thought friends were people who would toss the other $30 in the pot so you both can get a gram and split the shit? or someone to go pan handle with to put our dimes,quarters, and dollars in to purchase a gallon of vodka. it's an art, to go ask people for money, and i wont get into it much except that people do make a living doing it.

i was camping on an abandoned railroad track(the track was gone) the rocks were still there, to dig into my back, didn't care much because i was high 99% of the time i was back there, and the plus part was I had met a girl somewhere between homeless food gatherings A and B, and she came around when I came around, and minus the coming around, it still was nice getting my dick sucked when rolling a 'chicken bone' or after doing a shot. where i wake up the next day and she's gone.*checks pockets*whew,still got my syringe..

what happened?? to open my eyes? where i see a life outside of having to find a lighter at 3am? or water?
I got locked up, went to jail, for 26 days, not going to get into why i got locked up except snitches get fucking stitches.
during my time 'in', i had no one, no one. not a single family member, worried if I'm still alive, or I'm in jail. oh, let me tell you how bad the withdraws were, horrible. i couldn't even shit in the toilet for the first few days. fuck these 2 blankets, and mat, fuck my life. So after getting into a fist brawl with the motherfucker i got locked up with, i got tossed into 'the hole' for a week,. and i had a lot of time to think, and throw wet toilet paper at the bulls eye that someone drew on the cell wall. one thing i thought about, is 'when I'm gone', when I'm fucking gone... what will people say about me?? what about my mom, and dad? hell i hadn't talked to them since like 12/01/15, so you can imagine the shit going through my head.



when I'm gone..
I'll be there, when I'm gone. you won't, neither the syringe that i tossed in a wall mart bag beside my camp. mom or dad, or my buddy crimson junk, none of them will be there,except me. drew will be there, i bet, if I'm lucky, I'll be wearing a hospital bracelet when I'm gone. eh.


enough sad shit.

my clean date is April 1st, 2016.
my fucking clean date is April fools day you sick son of a bitch.

anyone that tells you heroin stays in your system for a week is full of fucking shit, try being a jail trustee puffing an e-cigarette, trying to trade it for heroin, when the e-cig is worth more then the heroin?.

hey, check out the show called '60 days in' on A&E, I'm on it. go fuck your self.

where I'm at now?

thank god, whom i call my higher power, which is my thoughts, fuck you whore cunt bitch if you think your higher power cant be your thoughts, I'll first face fist you with my cock and friend request you on wow, then UN friend you once you accept it.

when i got out of jail, April 27th, 2016...
where to go?
A- leads to camp site= no heroin(because fuck a 70 yr old trying to boost for dope)
B- leads to halfway house,

I chose the most fucking bumpiest path(even for a gangster mountain bike)
I chose B.

Half way, here I come...

I got a job the first day, and went to take the piss test on the second day, lol. weed? fuck that shit showing up! I'm a straight up heroin addict! fuck your pot, fuck my pot? (only 2 piss in).
so i got the job, i passed the piss test, and got a bad-ass job making car parts for Toyota and Lexus.

yo, it can be done, and in my case, it took going to jail, sobering up(it sucked, and got into a program.
been sober ever since.
i still see the people that i used to fuck with on the streets at the 'homeless feedings', and guys, girls. if it wern't for ...

exit-zero
D's wouldn't be here today.

So, working 40+ hrs a week, going to 7 meetings a week, (mix and match NA and AA).
am here to pay it fucking forward.
bus pass, $$1.75
rent, $100.00
helping someone here(or there) trying to catch the bus? $$$
priceless

here i sit, work 40+hrs a week, at a job making $8/hr,...(and in a year I'd make $15.00/hr).
all i can say is that it takes time to get time, and in my case, it takes time to repair time.

I'll add more later when i can think of shit, but until then..
thanks for reading!
drew

Hello. How are you?
Slash fith//

Hey. So. Dot.5th. Trl.
So
Just wwatever.


D's. Respects,
P ce

Ok As i sit here enlightened(High) im gonna try to write this down. We are the universe experiencing itself. And if thats true the one logical goal is to use my time to better the life experience of all beings. Extend my own human experience and enhance the lives of others. I state the human experience is amazing and we should concern ourselves with making making every human experience last as long as possible. For as i have seen we are the best vehicle for experiencing this universe. So it should be priority that people's life be extended indefinitely. Because we must learn from each other if we wish to occupy infinity to its fullest.

So, here I am typing this, which must mean I'm still alive, and I really want to keep it that way, we'll shit.where to begin,
I am stuck in fucking indianna, Clark County so you know that fucking TV show called 60 days in?well been there done that, I've done the homeless thing here and I'm still homeless, the cool thing is that this family has adopted me as the older brother, meaning I'm older then the ladies twins which are 21, and she wants me to mentor them. So all bull shit aside, maybe God has me stuck here for a reason? I'm trying to teach them how to not get homeless and so far so good actually.
Things art great,but they are good.
I have a older brother that's dieing on a feeding tube that's back in alabama, and a father that's dieing in a nursing home in tenenesse. So the feelings that I'm feeling right now is..to somehow ignore the fact,that I'm about to lose a brother and a father, and try to get over it by helping others.
My stepdad is a pos and he doesn't want to help me get back home to see my brother, and my sister isn't answering her phone so I get find out which nursing home my dad is at and to go and see him.
I've laid in my bed thinking at night, wondering if I were to die right then and there then I would damn sure make sure that neither my mother nor sister know fucking shit about me passing away, I would leave it in writing that the local church that I've been going to on Sundays that they make a plot for me,and skater my remains in the Ohio river, where I can find the next town,the next city to help someone else at.
Tbh I didn't like fuck up bad enough for them to do me like this,the thing is my granddaddy left me and my sister a lot of money, and my father has a damp good life insurance plan on him,so my family is trying to keep me away from it.
Long story short, here I sit fucking babysitting someone else's kids,smoking rolled up crank cigarettes and drinking wine. Can life get much simplar?
Until next time.
Drew

Wake up at 3am. Your fighting in over a fucking blanket. It's 4amwho cares,
I care. I crunch skulls.
No word in 1 week. Where am I at? OK
That's right.. I keep forgetting if I'm like borderline or not.

How did they do it in the movies?

2 weeks ago?

I was ok. I had a phone ..and was talking in with dopemaster,and d jason.
They can tell u where I'm at, well , I'm at,
A, fucking bedbug,roach,,crawler,,spot,yet,I just bought these mfs ,mfs as in motherfuckers, mmmmmmm mfs,
I'm somewhere to live at.

So minus drinkinking listerene. (Only the brown shit),

So here I am.

Dear bluelight,

Mom's number is <snip - PM poster for the number if required>,


Please tell mom that you know me,and I am okay.


Drew_

blog. B L O G,......lol

So ever since I stopped doing dope and my g/f and i broke up like 6 months ago we have been seeing each other less and less which is good because we arent dating anymore and need to stop being so dependent on each other in an effort to become individuals again. Thats cool I dont mind it for the most part other then I dont have any friends.

The issue is i literally have projects i can work on till i die so i flip flop constantly on this issue. I will work endlessly on a new project get it right think im amazing for it then realize i have no one to share in the success with and get upset when I realize i cant message unresponsive people anymore. I dont mind the whole being alone part all of my hobbies are solo endeavors anyway and 9/10 id rather just work and accomplish what i consider meaningful stuff.

In the end its what ive always wanted and what i always said i needed, a large degree of isolation to focus on my self and my future as a scientist. Its literally what i said i wanted for years and yet here i am torn on how to lose this feeling that i care about being social. I know i cant because humans are social animals but at the same time i always figured the internet would provide me with the means to remove the feeling that i need some kind of true companionship.

I dont want females, chasing them seems like a large waste of time, im not great at developing friendships really so yeah im a great and amazing person but i never bother to be like "lets be friends" most interactions are viewed as one time things in my mind. I never allowed friends to transcend boundries so i dont have friends from college as id never dream of holding on to them, just like the ones from work and high school.

i think about it all the time. who i am in this very existence. i seem to be a collection of experiences in a perpetual learning mode. there's always something for me to discover with every day that pasts.

i am a man of simple taste, just about to take on the most important phase in my life but i'm burdened by the weight of experimentation. the endless possibilities of trying new things be it new hobbies or new drugs has always kept me interested in this vicious cycle we call life. it only gets older the more the sun rises and sets and i'm only getting colder and it's lonely.

i've found things to accompany me on my journey such as trying new food, activities and drugs but the peak of my interest resides in the perpetual expansion of my own consciousness. i've consumed many mind altering drugs that have helped me in their own ways, most notably the hallucinogens, however, i still find fun in the less psychedelic drugs that focus more on mental and physical comfort. cannabis, valium, kratom, LSD, MDxx, mushrooms, DMT, n2O, ketamine and DXM have all helped me in their own ways.

i've come to place a serious chain upon my drug use to stay clear of abuse so i smoke weed when i believe it'll suit my mind right and have found more enjoyment in smoking only in the evenings and in combination with other drugs. valium has helped me in many ways including freeing me of anxiety when i'm too high or providing comforting relaxation and sedation when my mind needs it most. alcohol has always helped me silently relax in my mind but also loosen my guard so that i am able to have normal conversations with 'normal' people. i've grown to love kratom for its sedating and euphoric properties since it provides the perfect vibe for reflection after a stressful week along my journey of life though i do not take it often, i am aware of staying away from developing a serious habit.

hallucinogens have impacted me mentally the most out of them all in particular, LSD has inspired me to reach the higher me and focus on radiating powerful energy outwards while maintaining happiness within me most. it has shown me what life can be and how easily my own thoughts and spiritual awareness can shape my reality. mushrooms have positively impacted my appreciation for mother nature and funnily enough, i've stopped littering :D. MDxx has given me a glimpse of the romantic side of life in its most commonly referred to form i.e love. i've realized that everyone deserves love in some form or the other from my family to my most hated enemy since we are all from different backgrounds and deserve positive energy in our lives. DMT has desensitized me to death and opened my mind to an entirely new dimension of bliss and everlasting joy which gives me the idea that this is the place i aspire to reach here on earth so that i can ascend to the heavens and spend everlasting life wandering the universe in its entirety. the dissociative side of hallucinogens are still very strange to me as they seem to focus on my past and current states of mind in more depth than psychedelics. i have learned much from tripping and i am ever thankful for the experiences i've been allowed to endure over the last 5 years. i truly think i've become a better, more positive person.

without drug influence i've been learning more and more about the social aspect of life and maintaining relationships through interactions with those i consider my closest friends. i would like to think i am happy with where i stand in life but always seem to thirst for another higher feeling that i can't ever seem to find. i may be looking too deeply within myself but i can't help but search for the things that i think are missing. i've come a long way from feeling very insecure and shy to becoming very outspoken and confident with the person i've grown to be and truly believe only positive things are to come my way - at least, this is the mindset i try to maintain so that a positive outcome is always seen and lived.

i've grown to love food, sport, exercise, expanding knowledge, meeting new people, flirting with girls, enjoying good drink in the right setting and finding new music and movies to enjoy. i believe i have equipped myself with sufficient good vibes to continue the journey of life and though i have thought of suicide, i have learned to rise above the darkness so that i am able to see clearly.

There is so much disagreement over what are, exactly, the different types of knowledge that an agreed upon “master list” simply does not exist. This is because knowledge is purely philosophical; debates span centuries, arguments supersede fact and everyone has a different opinion about what is, or is not, knowledge.

What follows is a master list (although, of course, it won’t be agreed upon) of the different types of knowledge and theories of knowledge that are out there. Turn this new-found “knowledge” on yourself with this awesome class on how to take inventory of yourself and gain authentic self-knowlege.


1. A Priori


A priori and a posteriori are two of the original terms in epistemology (the study of knowledge). A priori literally means “from before” or “from earlier.” This is because a priori knowledge depends upon what a person can derive from the world without needing to experience it. This is better known as reasoning. Of course, a degree of experience is necessary upon which a priori knowledge can take shape.


Let’s look at an example. If you were in a closed room with no windows and someone asked you what the weather was like, you would not be able to answer them with any degree of truth. If you did, then you certainly would not be in possession of a priori knowledge. It would simply be impossible to use reasoning to produce a knowledgeable answer.


On the other hand, if there were a chalkboard in the room and someone wrote the equation 4 + 6 = ? on the board, then you could find the answer without physically finding four objects and adding six more objects to them and then counting them. You would know the answer is 10 without needing a real world experience to understand it. In fact, mathematical equations are one of the most popular examples of a priori knowledge.


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2. A Posteriori


Naturally, then, a posteriori literally means “from what comes later” or “from what comes after.” This is a reference to experience and using a different kind of reasoning (inductive) to gain knowledge. This kind of knowledge is gained by first having an experience (and the important idea in philosophy is that it is acquired through the five senses) and then using logic and reflection to derive understanding from it. In philosophy, this term is sometimes used interchangeably with empirical knowledge, which is knowledge based on observation.


It is believed that a priori knowledge is more reliable than a posteriori knowledge. This might seem counter-intuitive, since in the former case someone can just sit inside of a room and base their knowledge on factual evidence while in the latter case someone is having real experiences in the world. But the problem lies in this very fact: everyone’s experiences are subjective and open to interpretation. This is a very complex subject and you might find it illuminating to read this post on knowledge issues and how to identify and use them. A mathematical equation, on the other hand, is law.


3. Explicit Knowledge


Now we are entering the realm of explicit and tacit knowledge. As you have noticed by now, types of knowledge tend to come in pairs and are often antitheses of each other. Explicit knowledge is similar to a priori knowledge in that it is more formal or perhaps more reliable. Explicit knowledge is knowledge that is recorded and communicated through mediums. It is our libraries and databases. The specifics of what is contained is less important than how it is contained. Anything from the sciences to the arts can have elements that can be expressed in explicit knowledge. Get a taste of explicit knowledge for yourself with this top-rated course on learning how to learn and knowing how to tap into your inner genius.


The defining feature of explicit knowledge is that it can be easily and quickly transmitted from one individual to another, or to another ten-thousand or ten-billion. It also tends to be organized systematically. For example, a history textbook on the founding of America would take a chronological approach as this would allow knowledge to build upon itself through a progressive system; in this case, time.


4. Tacit Knowledge


I should note that tacit knowledge is a relatively new theory introduced only as recently as the 1950s. Whereas explicit knowledge is very easy to communicate and transfer from one individual to another, tacit knowledge is precisely the opposite. It is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to communicate tacit knowledge through any medium.


For example, the textbook on the founding of America can teach facts (or things we believe to be facts), but someone who is an expert musician can not truly communicate their knowledge; in other words, they can not tell someone how to play the instrument and the person will immediately possess that knowledge. That knowledge must be acquired to a degree that goes far, far beyond theory. In this sense, tacit knowledge would most closely resemble a posteriori knowledge, as it can only be achieved through experience.


The biggest difficult of tacit knowledge is knowing when it is useful and figuring out how to make it usable. Tacit knowledge can only be communicated through consistent and extensive relationships or contact (such as taking lessons from a professional musician). But even in this cases there will not be a true transfer of knowledge. Usually two forms of knowledge are born, as each person must fill in certain blanks (such as skill, short-cuts, rhythms, etc.). You can better understand this theory and other ways we use knowledge with this video textbook on the psychology of learning.


5. Propositional Knowledge (also Descriptive or Declarative Knowledge)


Our last pair of knowledge theories are propositional and non-propositional knowledge, both of which share similarities with some of the other theories already discussed. Propositional knowledge has the oddest definition yet, as it is commonly held that it is knowledge that can literally be expressed in propositions; that is, in declarative sentences (to use its other name) or indicative propositions.


Propositional knowledge is not so different from a priori and explicit knowledge. The key attribute is knowing that something is true. Again, mathematical equations could be an example of propositional knowledge, because it is knowledge of something, as opposed to knowledge of how to do something.


The best example is one that contrasts propositional knowledge with our next form of knowledge, non-propositional or procedural knowledge. Let’s use a textbook/manual/instructional pamphlet that has information on how to program a computer as our example. Propositional knowledge is simply knowing something or having knowledge of something. So if you read and/or memorized the textbook or manual, then you would know the steps on how to program a computer. You could even repeat these steps to someone else in the form of declarative sentences or indicative propositions. However, you may have memorized every word yet have no idea how to actually program a computer. That is where non-propositional or procedural knowledge comes in.


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6. Non-Propositional Knowledge (also Procedural Knowledge)


Non-propositional knowledge (which is better known as procedural knowledge, but I decided to use “non-propositional” because it is a more obvious antithesis to “propositional”) is knowledge that can be used; it can be applied to something, such as a problem. Procedural knowledge differs from propositional knowledge in that it is acquired “by doing”; propositional knowledge is acquired by more conservative forms of learning.


One of the defining characteristics of procedural knowledge is that it can be claimed in a court of law. In other words, companies that develop their own procedures or methods can protect them as intellectual property. They can then, of course, be sold, protected, leased, etc.


Procedural knowledge has many advantages. Obviously, hands-on experience is extremely valuable; literally so, as it can be used to obtain employment. We are seeing this today as experience (procedural) is eclipsing education (propositional). Sure, education is great, but experience is what defines what a person is capable of accomplishing. So someone who “knows” how to write code is not nearly as valuable as someone who “writes” or “has written” code.


But nobody can deny the intrinsic and real value of experience. This is often more accurate than propositional knowledge because it is more akin to the scientific method; hypotheses are tested, observation is used, and progress results.


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Why is this all relevant?

Well, in my humble opinion, having some tacit knowledge on top of explicit knowledge about the mind altering substances an individual is studying in a professional setting can mean the difference between declaring war on (certain/some) drugs (thus, handing the keys to a ~$350,000,000,000 USD annual business to organized crime to endlessly exploit), and choosing to adopt a harm reduction-based drug policy where education and medical attention is combined with the legalization, taxing and regulation of the lower risk psychotropic substances.

And I strongly believe that the war on drugs would have never been declared by Nixon in '71 if that was the case with him. He was big on booze and tobacco - both were left legal.

Either way, thank you for your time. I hope you feel that this blog post was worth reading, good day