Teen dies after drug overdose
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Hospital assistant director of nursing Andrew Jones and emergency department director Mike Taylor. Picture: JOHN RUSSELL
16 Jan, 2010 01:00 AM
A TEENAGER has died in hospital three days after consuming what is believed to have been liquid ecstasy at an Albury party.
The woman, 19, was one of four people to be admitted to Albury hospital on Wednesday after reacting to a bad batch of the drug.
She died on Saturday after being transferred to a Melbourne hospital.
Albury man Vaughan Heath McDonald has been charged with supplying the substance to the four people - including another woman and two men - at an Olive Street home.
In a bail application at Albury Local Court on Friday, police prosecutor Sgt Chris Adams told magistrate Gordon Lerve that McDonald's charges might be upgraded if the teenager, who at that stage remained in a critical condition, died.
Mr Lerve granted McDonald conditional bail and the Plummer Street man, 36, was ordered to adhere to a nightly curfew.
Meanwhile, the head of the emergency department at Albury Base Hospital said the quadruple liquid amphetamine overdose had been the worst case of its kind in the city for at least a year.
The other three were discharged after taking the drug.
Police fear the drug may be part of a larger batch that is circulating in the community.
The four were admitted at 9.35pm suffering from a range of symptoms, including seizures, foaming at the mouth, muscle spasms and facial flushing, and one needed to be physically restrained by orderlies immediately.
Throughout the next few hours, another needed to be restrained while all three required intubation and another ventilation assistance.
"That's the biggest illicit drug overdose we've had here for at long time, at least a year," director of emergency services Mike Taylor said.
"We also had another critical case that night, so it really did put a severe strain on our department.
"We had two night doctors, excellent doctors, and credit must go to our staff, doctors and nurses, who did such a good job"
Emergency staff were also assisted by intensive care unit staff.
Dr Taylor said it was unclear how much of the drug had been taken by the four.
Manslaughter charge after 'liquid ecstasy' overdose death
January 19, 2010 - 2:11PM
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A Facebook group has been set up in honour of dead Albury woman Cassie Harper. Photo: Facebook
The man accused of supplying a bad batch of liquid ecstasy to Albury woman Cassandra Harper, has been denied bail at Albury Local Court this morning.
Police yesterday charged Vaughan Heath McDonald with manslaughter after Ms Harper, 19, died on Saturday, three days after ingesting what police believe to have been gamma hydroxybutyrate, or GHB, at a party, the Border Mail reports
McDonald will re-appear at court on February 1.
McDonald had been bailed at Albury Local Court on Friday on charges of supplying the drug to the four, who included another woman and two men, from a bottle labelled “prawn syrup”.
But the Plummer Street resident, 36, yesterday had three further charges laid against him, including the single count of manslaughter.
The other fresh charges were two counts of recklessly causing grievous bodily harm, relating to the two men, who also fell violently ill after ingesting the drug.
Albury youth worker Trish Cerminara’s daughter, Joelene, a friend of Miss Harper, was among more than 200 people to join two tribute groups to the teenager on social networking site Facebook.
Ms Cerminara said she had known Miss Harper as a pleasant teen who had died “too young”.
“Cass always appeared to be just a nice, young girl and that’s it,” she said.
“You take a walk down Dean Street and you’d pass 10 or 20 nice young, girls — no one knows that they’re going to start sampling the drugs and things like that.”
Ms Cerminara said working with troubled youths had shown her the ease with which drug abuse could occur.
“They will all experiment and as a parent, you would like say ‘don’t take drugs’, but they do because it’s peer pressure sometimes, it’s a high sometimes, and sometimes it is as a solution to a low or a problem they’re experiencing,” she said.
“Everyone’s looking for a higher high to the high they’ve just had. You’ve got to ask yourself, where do you stop?”
Ms Cerminara hoped Miss Harper’s death might encourage other young people to more carefully consider the risks of illicit drug use.
“It’s just a tragedy to think that you’ve seen her last week and now she’s gone,” she said.
“Unfortunately, sometimes it takes a disaster to happen for other kids to take notice.”
The Australian Drug Foundation said a 2004 study found 10 deaths across Australasia to have been associated with GHB from January 2000 to August 2003.
Separate research in 2008 found 170 Australian emergency department presentations had been related to the drug over a 30-month period, but none had died.
Among the tributes friends and loved ones posted to Miss Harper on Facebook was the following: “god wanted you . . . you were too beautiful for this place . . . he needed an angel ... u will be missed everyday sweetie n ur smile will never be forgotten”.
GBL is not active in its own right, so people who have never tried GBL before may have delayed or fewer effects than expected; however, once someone has taken GBL a few times, the production of lactonase enzymes is increased and he/she will feel the effects as normal.
Because of these pharmacokinetic differences, GBL tends to be more potent and faster-acting than GHB, but has a shorter duration; whereas the related compound 1,4-butanediol (1,4-B) tends to be slightly less potent, slower to take effect but longer-acting than GHB.
Metabolism takes place in stomach and blood plasma. GBL is longer acting and has a shorter onset than GHB. Otherwise, effects are similar to GHB, although weight for weight it is significantly more powerful, meaning dosage must be lowered accordingly. If taken undiluted by mouth, GBL can cause esophageal and gastro-intestinal irritation. It is possible for oral ingestion of GBL to cause nausea and other similar problems, possibly more so than with GHB.
Dose
A millilitre of pure GBL metabolizes to roughly 1.6g of GHB, so doses are measured in the single milliliter range, either taken all at once or sipped over the course of a night.
I'm sorry but that is just a shit thing to say. The doctors were presented with three people suffering from a severe overdose from an unknown drug, they would have treated it based on the symptoms shown to the best of their ability. To suggest they were negligent is absurd.It's a pretty big call for the doctor to be saying it was a "liquid amphetamine overdose". What if it was infact GHB/GBL/1,4-b and the doctors treated it as a amphetamine overdose?
Their negligence could have led to the girls death.
“Three of the four people were intubated (involving the introduction of a tube into a hollow organ or airway)