I didnt care for Huperzine either... Vinpocetine, other things that muck with acetylcholinesterase production and/or reuptake or other neurotransmittter receptor or micro-enzyme modifiers... they all just kinda make my head feel like it was being tinkered with by some weird alien wrenches and screwdrivers, make me feel somehow off-kilter, but maybe you will like it, who knows.
Glutamine is great. I often take 10g/day... 5g mixed in with whey protein serving, for muscles and gut. 5g with juice in morning with other aminos so it gets into bloodstream then crosses b/b barrier and helps act as energy substrate and general do-gooder inside the brain. It is SOOO good for you... from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine
In human blood, glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid...
Glutamine plays a role in a variety of biochemical functions including:
Protein synthesis, as any other amino acid.
-Regulation of acid-base balance in the kidney by producing ammonium.[3]
-Cellular energy, as a source, next to glucose.[4]
-Nitrogen donation for many anabolic processes.[2]
-Carbon donation, as a source, refilling the citric acid cycle.[5]
The most eager consumers of glutamine are the cells of intestines[2], the kidney cells for the acid base balance, activated immune cells
In catabolic states of injury and illness, glutamine becomes conditionally-essential (requiring intake from food or supplements). Glutamine has been studied extensively over the past 10–15 years and has been shown to be useful in treatment of serious illnesses, injury, trauma, burns, and treatment-related side-effects of cancer as well as in wound healing for postoperative patients.[8]
Glutamine is also marketed as a supplement used for muscle growth in weightlifting, bodybuilding, endurance, and other sports, Evidence indicates that glutamine when orally loaded may increase plasma HGH levels by stimulating the anterior pitutitary gland. [9]. In biological research, L-glutamine is commonly added [10]to the media in cell culture.
Aiding recovery after surgery -
It is also known that glutamine has various effects in reducing healing time after operations. Hospital-stay times after abdominal surgery can be reduced by providing parenteral nutrition regimes containing high amounts of glutamine to patients. Clinical trials have revealed that patients on supplementation regimes containing glutamine have improved nitrogen balances, generation of cysteinyl-leukotrienes from polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes, and improved lymphocyte recovery and intestinal permeability (in postoperative patients), in comparison to those that had no glutamine within their dietary regime, all without any side-effects.[11]
Glutamine is the most abundant naturally occurring, non-essential amino acid in the human body and one of the few amino acids that directly cross the blood-brain barrier.[12] In the body, it is found circulating in the blood as well as stored in the skeletal muscles. It becomes conditionally essential (requiring intake from food or supplements) in states of illness or injury.[8]
Dietary sources of L-glutamine include beef, chicken, fish, eggs, milk, dairy products, wheat, cabbage, beets, beans, spinach, and parsley. Small amounts of free L-glutamine are also found in vegetable juices and fermented foods, such as miso.[13]
[edit]Aiding gastrointestinal function
This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please improve this section if you can. (December 2008)
In recent studies, glutamine-enriched diets have been linked with intestinal effects including maintenance of gut barrier function and cell differentiation. This may relate to the fact that the intestinal extraction rate of glutamine is higher than that for other amino acids, and is therefore thought to be the most viable option when attempting to alleviate conditions relating to the gastrointestinal tract. These conditions were discovered within the gut between glutamine-enriched and non-glutamine-enriched diets. However, even though glutamine is thought to have "cleansing" properties and effects, it is unknown to what extent glutamine has clinical benefits, due to the varied concentrations of glutamine in varieties of food