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"Religion" as an exclusively western concept?

Axemancometh

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Mar 12, 2026
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My scholarly research has me reading a whole ton of literature about the concept of 'religion' as we (in the West) know it. All of these sources have one thing in particular: that is the separate, 'definite' concept that we call 'religion' is one that has been defined by, and only makes sense within a western Christian (specifically Protestant) concept; not meaning that other peoples do not have anything we would call 'religious', but that the category and wilful distinction of it from everything else in society/culture is a very modern western thing.

A good example of this I can pull off the top of my head is ancient Greek/Roman rites and practices: (most of which revolve around sacrifice) These were considered essential for maintaining social order, so refusing to do so (unless you were a special exception like the Judeans) was considered not just insulting, but dangerous. You did not need to 'believe' in the Gods in order to perform the rites, it just mattered that you did them - this is the reason why Christians were so hated then.

Furthermore, our modern word religion stems from the Latin religio, but its meaning is not at all the same - religio essentially translates to 'obligation [with respect to the divine]'.

A weaker modern example would probably be whenever Hindus and Buddhists say 'it's not a religion, it's a lifestyle' - though there the way in which those 'religions' are approached varies significantly among people thus I cannot speak on something I don't really know about.

Wanna hear what y'all think, as the consensus about this sort of stuff is mixed on BL.
 
What kind of research are you doing? Is academic research? are you in college or something of that nature? I'd love to hear what you have to say.
 
What kind of research are you doing? Is academic research? are you in college or something of that nature? I'd love to hear what you have to say.
I'm a master's student in religious studies; a bunch of the authors I'm reading are saying the same about the term religion: the way we look at the concept is almost entirely through our own cultural lens from living in (historically) Christian society, which doesn't really go away even if we claim agency over our own personal beliefs.

Take for example a few 'religious' practices out of their contexts: yoga; mediation; iconography; mythological stories; animal sacrifice; seasonal festivals; pilgrimage; group suicide; absolute truth; etc.

Nothing really 'religious' about these individual activities, but we recognise their whole as part of major world religions. Even stranger, is that many of these things have nothing in common with what we find to be 'religious' - such as providence; faith; soul; prayer; rite; and sin. (and a few others)

Our notion of 'religion' defines itself by its uniqueness against everything that is not itself - elevating it to a higher conceptual plane that is different from our own material world.
 
Interesting, what do you plan to do with a master's in religious studies? Do you plan to teach religious education? Are you going into the ministry field? What are your plans? Definitely want to discuss this with you. I am a Southern Baptist preacher's kid and somewhat familiar with religious and Christian studies, would you like to move this conversation to DM? It is almost 8:30 pm here, and I will be going to bed soon. I'll would like to continue this tomorrow if that's ok?
 
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