I still feel like some of the MBCT studies have flaws. Take a look at this one:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987524/
1) they recruit patients who were not actively having symptoms of depression
I wouldn't necessarily say the subjects weren't having
any depressive symptoms (they averaged at just about mild depression on a particular depression inventory scoring) but it sounds like the goal of the paper was really to identify what leads to non-compliance with mindfulness therapy and I do believe they've done a good job with that bit.
2) Who is to say that the people who dropped out didnt have some kind of adverse effect and wouldn't have benefitted?
What the authors write on this subject is interesting: "However our observation that individuals who have high levels of cognitive reactivity find it more difficult to engage with MBCT does makes theoretical sense. Cognitive reactivity describes the process by which small changes in mood rapidly activate depressogenic cognitions and behavioural deficits.
Patients with high levels of cognitive reactivity are likely to be more frequently confronted with distressing thoughts and feelings and less able to respond in a way which is adaptive, when they occur. Mindfulness training requires direct and sustained contact with
all experience and so is likely to bring these aversive experiences into sharp relief, earlier in the process of treatment than might be the case for patients with less reactive profiles.
Similarly those who typically respond to unwanted experiences with brooding are invited to relinquish their habitual responses from the outset of treatment, before they have had the opportunity to experience the benefits of this approach directly.
Research in substance abuse populations shows that low levels of psychological distress tolerance predict early dropout from treatment (Daughters et al.
2005), and it would be interesting in future research to explore the extent to which the same is true of MBCT."
So it could be the case that, as they say, "individuals with high levels of cognitive reactivity, brooding and depressive rumination may find it particularly difficult to engage with MBCT, although paradoxically they are likely to have the most to gain from the development of mindfulness skills if they remain in class."
3) It assumes this cognitive reactivity to sad mood.
I take issue with that-- first of depression is much more than a sad mood.
Second of all who is to say that LTCers (or other physiologically drug medication induced mental illness sufferers) *would not* be able to cope with a 'sad' mood and get out of it without doing much. There is no evidence in my life at least to suggest otherwise. ( I havent done any gene sequencing but maybe I will sometime just to find out what my serotonin transporter alleles are but I think even ss doesnt necessarily mean that you would develop depression in response to a 'sad' mood)
What they seem to be testing there is how the induction of an acute mood affects cognitive performance (they are only focused on the cognitive performance). If you want a chemical version of this mood induction, they could test the effect that mindfulness training has on cognitive deficits induced during tryptophan depletion.
We know that the effect that tryptophan depletion has on patients is dependent on serotonin transporter genes to a large degree, but the interesting thing is that while everyone will have an alteration in cognitive performance during tryptophan depletion, really only those with the short form will have mood deterioration as well.
Since it appears that mindfulness may increase performance on a test (the go/no-go test) that is sensitive to tryptophan depletion and is also abnormal in prior ecstasy users with the short form (ss), we may predict that mindfulness could also offer some protection against dysregulation induced by tryptophan depletion.
For example-- that study used some "sad mood induction" technique and examined cognitive reactivity. Well shit I have had "sad mood" induced by watching sad films or just getting sad news pre-LTC but I don't believe I noticed any cognitive reactivity spiraling into depression. Nor do i have any reason to believe it would trigger a relapse into the LTC after I recover.
This really makes tryptophan depletion the more interesting test because its what has been classically used to cause a recurrence of depressive symptoms in recovered depressives, but once again just to clarify, I think they are referring to cognitive reactivity in the sense that mood can disrupt cognition.
I have not seen 1 single study however which talks about a total deterioration in mental health followed by a plethora of symptoms beyond just "sadness". CBT often talks about "all or nothing" thinking but a drug/med induced anxiety or depressive disorder is the closest you get to being normal (all) to nothing with skipping all the stages of mental health deterioration in between.
We may draw upon the traumatic brain injury literature here, where mindfulness has been shown to be effective for some symptoms including depression
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22875545
Lastly I'll just point out that you seem really oppositional to mindfulness/CBT and I find this very interesting. When you go back and read the paper you linked (or the wall of text I pasted), its interesting to note that you do seem to fit the profile of someone who would have more trouble with mindfulness but could also stand to gain more.
For example, "Patients with high levels of cognitive reactivity are likely to be more frequently confronted with distressing thoughts and feelings and less able to respond in a way which is adaptive, when they occur.
Mindfulness training requires direct and sustained contact with
all experience and so is likely to bring these aversive experiences into sharp relief, earlier in the process of treatment than might be the case for patients with less reactive profiles."