Just a quick one, mate is on 4mgs of suboxone daily and wants too wean off and be finished in a month. Is it easier too change to methadone because it's liquid and to cut doses is simple because he has tried breaking the suboxone and it crumbles so difficult to cut dosage. The film is no option in South Africa.
Hi,
Ideally, the tapering process should be discussed with your friend's physician who prescribed them the medication. I'll provide some input and information around the two substances and the South African context, but please note as a disclaimer, that my input should not be taken as medical advice.
Suboxone (buprenorphine-naloxone) as a sublingual tablet is the only product currently registered on the essential medicines list (EML) and is available as 2mg (2mg/0.5mg) and 8mg (8mg/2mg) strengths. The tablet is not scored so it's difficult to split and crushing is not recommended as it would impact the bioavailability. Given the 36–48-hour half-life, a person would need to wait until they were in mild to severe opioid withdrawal before slowly up-titrating with oral methadone to avoid precipitated withdrawal. In my experience, precipitated withdrawal can be a rapid, debilitating and traumatic event.
The current Southern African HIV Clinicians Society guidelines provide some guidance around this. Being on a dose of <8 mg daily, the guidelines suggest that the down-titration process should be done by reducing the dose by 2mg per week or fortnight, however, slower tapering may be needed; which is what your friend wants to do? Rapid detoxification (< 30 days) is not recommended, but mild withdrawal can be managed symptomatically, with antidiarrhoeal, antinausea, anxiolytic and analgesic medication. How painful and unmanageable the withdrawal depends on various factors and is subjective. Personally, my withdrawal experiences (multiple times with methadone and buprenorphine ± naloxone) have varied so much, and have been impacted by soo many factors.
In my opinion, switching between methadone and buprenorphine-naloxone can be time-consuming and complicated, which might impact your friend's goal of < 30 days? I've been through this experience multiple times, with a lot of trial and error. It's a difficult process and I know how tough it can be.
I do wish them all the best though!