Foreigner
Bluelighter
I feel that my statement is still very accurate that Christians eventually felt that science is the work of the devil. Because that is what deeming something decadent and ungodly ultimately implies. Maybe in the beginning it was more blanketed and vague because they rejected the dominant civilization as a whole but either way Christianity was still in its formative years when Rome ruled the earth. Not even the Bible was written by then so it would make sense for them just to have a general disdain for all of their activities as opposed to the following centuries where they become more solidified into the social fabric and more direct towards specific areas and disciplines and behaviors of society that are still relevant today.
I did read your whole post but your opening paragraph, I feel, essentializes what you're saying.
This paragraph is actually contradictory. You talk about the decadence of Rome affecting the culture of early Christians, yet also acknowledge that it's pre-Biblical. That means there was no Satan happening at that time. Jesus himself never even talked about Satan. Christian notions of fire and brimstone as Hell came later with Dante's Inferno and other allegories. Hell is just the world without God. And Satan is the tempting force that leads people into such Hellish existences. That doesn't mutually exclude science, though.
So you actually agreed with my point about Roman culture but then changed the point entirely to mean something else. The fact is, after Rome fell, western Europe pretty much fell back into the dark ages. You had people squatting in latrine pits next to ruins of Roman bathhouses whose plumbing was beyond the comprehension of post-Roman humans. They were taught that Rome fell because of its decadence and that was essentially correct, but supplanting Roman culture was Christian culture, which became Christiandom that ruled societies politically, especially after the Byzantines.
All the while, the Vatican had the technology and science of Rome locked up in its catacombs, denying anyone but their internal clergy access.
The Vatican still studied science, even at its height. It just didn't allow science that contradicted Biblical teachings. It's how science was able to function during the middle ages, by concealing itself in faithful pursuits. This idea that the Dark Ages was totally ignorant is wrong. The religious and faithful did scientific works. You just weren't allowed to say God wasn't the reason for science working. In fact, those clergymen were probably the only ones doing science because after the fall of western Rome, literacy plummeted until the early middle ages when basically only clergy, nobles and royalty knew how to read or write at all.
The fear of the devil and rationality had nothing to do with it. You're transposing modern American puritanical/evangelical Christian notions to European history in ways that are not really comparable. Puritanical Christianity came much later, was totally wacko, and its remnants still persist in the USA.