Psychedelics can be engines of insight, but they can't really produce something out of nothing. Your experience is your own, and what you get out depends on what you bring in. If you are young or otherwise naive, then the insights you have are a lot less likely to be grounded in reality. Psychedelics cannot directly teach you how reality works, physically or socially.
Psychedelics tend to impart fairly vague and nebulous lessons which can be interpreted in a helpful way... "life is actually pretty amazing", "isn't it great that you know people you love", "nothing you're worried about is actually that big a deal", that sort of thing... and make it easier to accept certain situations or find joy in the small things, for a while... and these insights can surely be leveraged more usefully than I mostly have ever been able to...
I also think that much of the psychological experience of taking psychedelics and of having taken them in the recent past arises as a kind of simplified rationalization of deeper processes that the drug initiated. By deeper processes, I'm not even really talking about psychological things but things like modulation of inflammation and initiation of repair and reconditioning processes throughout the brain and body. Unless temporarily interrupted via dissociatives or something, our psychological persona is necessarily rooted in our sensory and somatic experiences, which in turn are dependent on our nervous systems and the vast amount of sensory information that they process. Psychedelics cause rapid changes, not just in the neurological signaling but possibly in the topology of the nerves themselves. I hypothesize that this process is most active early in the experience, while coming up and in the period leading to the plateau. Our psychological selves initially become disoriented by all the sudden changes, but as the psychedelic begins to wear off (at a time that may actually feel like "the peak"), new patterns of signaling begin to consolidate. As this consolidation occurs, our psychological selves are eager to take account of the extensive changes that have occurred, and this is where many of these seemingly profound but actually vague insights arise from. On a certain level of psychological functioning, these insights aren't vague at all. They accurately summarize the results of the processes we went through earlier in the trips, but of course these insights they tell us very little about how to live our life differently.
On the other hand, the consolidation process keeps going long after the "trip" wears off. During this window of courage, changes to behavior and habits can be made more easily. It is a time to act with intention, to establish new habits, to study something novel, or engage in any activity which benefits from greater mental if not physical flexibility. Always understand that real changes require dedication and discipline over time, and one must have the wisdom to know what changes are actually appropriate. Intention setting is a very dangerous business.
The best way to get the most insight out of using psychedelics is to complement them with knowledge and the kinds of experiences that cultivate wisdom.