"Home remedies" are made from ingredients commonly found in the home, like chicken soup for colds or duct tape for warts. I don't think that is what you are looking for, are you just looking for OTC meds, supplements and herbals?
You could think of most pain killers in 2 general groups: those that treat pain at the source by reducing inflammation etc, and those that reduce pain by calming pain signals, boosting your mood, increasing positive brain chemicals, etc. You could think of aspirin as an example of the former, and opioids as an example of the latter. I find it's good to have some from each group. Some might do both.
I would recommend trying a few and coming up with a combination that helps. Here are some I would recommend:
Supplements:
- L-Lysine - an essential amino acid, it helps recovery from injuries, decreases anxiety, has benzo or barbiturate-like properties
- L-Arginine - reduces tooth pain, heals wounds, improves immune function
- 5-HTP - precursor for serotonin, helps boost mood, improves depression and fibromyalgia
- Fish oil - contains omega-3 fatty acids, known to block inflammatory chemicals which are involved in many of painful conditions (for example rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, gout and sinusitis)
- Glucosamine, chondroitin and MSM - used mainly for arthritis and joint pain
Herbals:
- Valerian - sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, migraine treatment and pain reliever
- Kava - sedative, decreases anxiety, sort of similar to a mild benzo
- White willow bark - an anti-inflammatory similar to aspirin, (it can be used as a salve and applied directly to the area, or drank as a tea)
- Devil's claw - best known for alleviating back pain and arthritis pain, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects
- Kratom - a mild opioid, you usually have to get it online or from some head shops (it can have stimulating or sedating properties)
OTC medications:
- N-SAIDs: aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen (I haven't had a lot of luck with these personally, although ibuprofen helps a bit)
- APAP (personally don't find it helpful)
- muscle relaxants *availability of muscle relaxants OTC varies depending on where you live - I don't think any are available in the US but you could check, otherwise Rxs are usually easier to get for the ones without recreational use
- Celebrex (celecoxib) - used for alleviating pain, fever, swelling, and tenderness due to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis
- many anti-histamines, expectorants and other cold and flu drugs have relaxant and pain-numbing (or at least making you not care about the pain) properties, I'm sure there is lots of info here on BL about those types of drugs, although they may have unwanted side-effects