N&PD Moderators: Skorpio
cell cycle
asecin
Bluelighter
can someone tell me how long it takes for a cell to reach full cycle and replicate ? i couldnt find any time in hours/days for cell division forming new cells. but im aware some are replicating faster like the skin, hair, nails etc. any more description of either in general body cells or more precise organ cells hour/day in time ?
modern buddha
Bluelighter
I would also assume that it depends on your health, too. If you've been killing your cells and not refueling them properly, then they're probably going to take a while to replicate / reform.
asecin
Bluelighter
yeh thats my point. i base it on the theory of addiction altering your cells. i read how its possible over extreme conditions as caused by various addictions cells lose certain receptors for required nutrients and deplete themselves. i wonder if certain addictions occur, if capable of withdrawing from them, how long do you think cells will take to renew and be able to establish intake of vital nutrients ?
if thats too difficult to answer, how about in general if lets say you are healthy, can you give me some estimate of days for full cell cycle ??
modern buddha
Bluelighter
Well, we'd have to get into genetics, in addition. I heal very quickly, while someone else that is just as healthy as me might have really bad healing abilities.
After checking into sparknotes (don't pick on me, haven't learned it since 8th grade!), here's what I found:
"The length of the cell cycle is important because it determines how quickly an organism can multiply. For single-celled organisms, this rate determines how quickly the organism can reproduce new, independent organisms. For higher-order species the length of the cell cycle determines how long it takes to replace damaged cells. The duration of the cell cycle varies from organism to organism and from cell to cell. Certain fly embryos sport cell cycles that last only 8 minutes per cycle! Some mammals take much longer than that--up to a year in certain liver cells. Generally, however, for fast-dividing mammalian cells, the length of the cycle is approximately 24 hours."
So, to answer your question, around 24 hours. Isn't it funny how nature is in the very core of our being? Women get their periods about once every moon cycle, our cells divide in one day's time... I love it!
What kind of cell? There are many different kinds of cells that make up skin, as an example, all of which replicate at different rates in a normal, healthy person. Injured skin behaves differently, of course. Other tissues and organs will have different sets of cells that will, in turn, each behave differently. And then there are other organisms-- all composed of cells, each of which will act in different ways depending on their function, the environment in which they're in, and so on.
asecin
Bluelighter
dave i was refering to important organ cells like liver and heart or nerve cells. simply_live states in general cells take about 24 hours tho, but what did the "up to a year in certain liver cells" mean ??
Shimmer.Fade
Bluelighter
It means just that. Certain cells only replicate when they receive cues from other cells. Some cells are so differentiated that they are no longer capable of replication (erys for instance have no organelles, so they cannot replicate). Some of the fastest replicating cells are those of the small intestine. Certain heart cells can replicate, but the muscle cells (myocard), are not capable of replacing themselves (though they can undergo hypertrophie/atrophie).
You are asking rrrreally general stuff here that you can very easily find online for yourself with a little research.
If you have a more specific question, want to know the name of something specific, or need a starting point to expand your own knowledge then you may get a better response.
^ This. For example: keratinocytes (a type of skin cell) can replicate fairly quickly in the presence of the right growth factors, but normally tend to stay put for longer periods in 'normal' states. E-coli, in an environment of abundant food (i.e. during an exponential growth phase) can divide as quickly as every 4 hours. There is no general number, or even range really for 'cells', without more specific information as to what sort of cell and the conditions in which it finds itself.
modern buddha
Bluelighter
Wait... isn't ethanol a corn-based oil that goes into our gas tanks?
That's some serious stuff, bro. I'd keep that far away from my body, if I was you, so I wouldn't have to worry about my cells getting fucked up.
asecin
Bluelighter
modern buddha
Bluelighter
No, but seriously, you can just call it alcohol. And it will fuck your body up if you're drinking enough of it. And they DO put it in our gas tanks, up to 15% of our gas is now alcohol. I'm sure that compound is a little different, but still.
If you're asking how quickly your cells can heal themselves through your alcohol use, I can move this to Advanced Drug Discussion, where they might know a little more about how your cells heal after drinking alcohol.
Shimmer.Fade
Bluelighter
If you wanna see more or less at a very basic overview of what alcohol does here is a chart from wikipedia that looks to be accurate about where damage is done..I'm not so sure how accurate the pros are.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fileossible_long-term_effects_of_ethanol.png
Alcohol in the liver for instance..here is another pretty accurate depiction of what is going on.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_liver_disease
The link seems to suggest that these reactions only happen in certain individuals, but fwir that is perhaps inaccurate. I'm sure some are more likely display a more lively inflammation reaction than others, but I'm pretty sure that chronic alcohol abuse pretty much always leads eventually to hepatitis (which broadly defined is simply liver inflammation), liver cirrhosis, and fatty liver.
To find out for yourself more about the individual processes involved int he eventual fibrosis of the liver you could do some looking around. Also there isn't really a fibrosis of the cells themselves, rather when the cells die they are replaced by collagen scar tissue (Cells responsible for this:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_stellate_cell). Fat cells also replace damaged liver cells.
That is only the liver, but the liver tries to detoxify what it can so it takes in a lot of alcohol. However, alcohol does get through the liver, and the next stop is pretty much heart, lungs, heart, brain.
There are tons of reactions that alcohols are capable of, and not all of them are going to be cytotoxic. It is a very complex subject like you can see. To figure out much more you need to do some of your own work =).
asecin
Bluelighter
nevermind. whatever hope for regeneration of cells back to normal i had is ruined by the realization i have consumed large amounts of polyphenols which interfere with normal cell cycle. so i guess, i have stupored the cells with polyphenols while same time suffocating them one by one with ethanol
Shimmer.Fade
Bluelighter
Lol..now that I see you are somewhat serious I'll tell you that in moderation alcohol is not likely to cause most of the more dramatic effects associated with heavy, chronic drinking. The liver is robust, and each individual segment is capable of autonomous function (although if you are missing a few it would be wise to avoid over consumption of things the liver has to detoxify). The liver does regenerate itself quite well so long as you give it the time to do so, and don't abuse it too badly. Hepatocytes are the main functional cell within the liver. The have an average life span of ~5 mos (depending on various internal (i.e. genes) and external (i.e. toxins) factors). Here is a wikipedia link..http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocyte. I am not sure how accurate everything there is, I haven't really read through it. I'd give you better sources, but I don't know if you can read German ;P
Well fuck bluelight again for what seems like hourly scheduled maintenance which always deletes what I was writing... I was just saying that you shouldn't worry about Polyphenols unless you are ingesting huge amounts of plant matter. They actually have health benefits, and the risks seem to be quite limited. Polyphenols most definitely do not stick around messing with your cell cycle. Polyphenols are broken down quite thoroughly by the liver, and it is fairly unlikely that enough would get through the liver to affect a fetus for instance. A common example of polyphenols are the tannins within tea (and most other plant material).
asecin
Bluelighter
i question the whole liver regenerates idea. yeah, if possible it probably happens when you are still young and developing but as you age, i really doubt it. has anyone seen an actual proof of liver regeneration ? im sure with such technology currently they can actually show improvements of liver with HD pictures or video of rats, since thats easiest and cheapest way to go.
Shimmer.Fade
Bluelighter
In general...every tissue capable of regeneration has a reservoir of stem cells (sometimes not located within that tissue itself) which are not yet fully differentiated. If these stems cells are destroyed so is the capability of said tissue to regenerate.
The primary source of new hepatocytes within the liver are the hepatocytes themselves (they simply replicate to repair moderate cell loss). For more severe damage there are secondary and tertiary stem cell depots. This abstract explains the location of these stem cell depots fairly concisely http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12115866
asecin
Bluelighter
How these three stem cell populations integrate together to achieve a homeostatic balance is not known.
thats an interesting info right there.
