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ALTERNATIVE THEORIES V: The Build-a-bear Workshop

Again guys, the above two posts are prime examples of counterproductive commentary. Ninae's posting quite on-topically in this particular thread.

ebola
 
9/11, Moon Landing, JFK assassination: conspiracy theories follow a deep pattern
Date
June 18, 2014 - 11:34AM

We live in an age of conspiracy theories. They seem to be everywhere. No sooner does a major event occur than the conspiracy theorists get to work on it.

Start with 9/11? A plot by Mossad, the CIA or the US government. The Moon landings? Staged in the American desert or in a television studio in order to fool everyone into thinking they were real. Global warming? A myth invented by scientists to get big research grants for themselves and increased government control over society.

Conspiracy theories like this, almost everyone seems to agree, are more pervasive than ever. And one thing they seem to have in common is a deep suspicion of government.

We may be told officially that the MMR vaccine gives our children protection against dangerous diseases, but the conspiracy theorists "know" that it causes autism, a fact they allege is being covered up by a conspiracy hatched between government and medical scientists.

It's widely argued that the coming of the internet has been the main force behind the spread of such theories, and that they're undermining trust in political systems - even causing people increasingly to question the fundamentals of our democracy.

In the US, for example, trust in President Barack Obama has been undermined by the spread of the idea that he and Democrats have conspired to cover up the fact that he was not born in America and was therefore not eligible for election. The Bilderberg Group of senior world statesmen is, it's believed, a cover-up for the creation of a New World Order, in which national democracies are being replaced by a global dictatorship.

Prime Minister David Cameron is allegedly part of the plot, connected through his wife's stepfather to the sinister forces behind it, including the Freemasons and the Illuminati. And did you know that the Queen and the entire British Government, indeed the ruling elite of the world, are in fact flesh-eating green lizards from outer space conspiring to take over the globe and concealing their true identity by disguising themselves as humans?

These are only a few of the conspiracy theories that are swirling around the internet, propagated through books and articles, and discussed in pubs and bars in countries all over the world. Conspiracy and Democracy, an interdisciplinary project I founded with colleagues in Cambridge, brings together historians, political theorists, philosophers, anthropologists and internet engineers to investigate this phenomenon. One-and-a-half years into the project, we are beginning to find our way towards some answers.

Allow me to address five widespread beliefs about conspiracy theories: one, that they are a new phenomenon; two, that they are the product of the internet; three, that they belong in the realm of fantasy and are always the product of a paranoid imagination; four, that they are particularly prevalent in democracies; and lastly, that they all fundamentally follow the same patterns and structures of thought.

So are they a new phenomenon? As soon as we start to look at history, we immediately have to recognise that they are not. There have always been conspiracies. Ever since human society came into being, some of its members have gathered together in secret for some illicit purpose they wish to conceal from society as a whole. Secrecy is an essential element: not only must nobody know the purpose of the conspiracy or the identity of its members, they must not even know it exists: it has to be, to borrow the categories invented by former US Defence Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, an unknown unknown. And as long as there have been conspiracies, there have been conspiracy theories.

The French Revolution of 1789-94, for example, was permeated by them, from Robespierre's accusations that his enemies were conspiring with the British to overthrow the Revolution, to the so-called Great Fear, when peasants were inspired to rise up and attack landowners in the belief that there was an aristocratic plot to murder them.

Before that, political life under the French monarchy was shot through with rumours about plots and machinations behind the scenes.

Even seemingly stable political systems have been prone to such beliefs. Secret societies and conspiracies, the prime minister Benjamin Disraeli lamented in 1856, "cover Europe like a network". "Acting in unison with a great popular movement," he went on, "they may destroy society, as they did at the end of the last century."

It was fear of a repetition of the French Revolution that inspired such paranoia. Prince Metternich, the conservative statesman of the Austrian Empire who devoted his career to trying to maintain the status quo, called the network of secret societies "a real power, all the more dangerous as it works in the dark, undermining all parts of the social body, and depositing everywhere the seeds of a moral gangrene which is not slow to develop and increase". Only close co-operation between the Great Powers of Europe, he told Tsar Alexander I in December 1820, could ward off the threat. The whole of Europe was being undermined: "Among peoples which are sick," remarked one of Metternich's allies in 1815, "you find conspiracies."

Have they increased since the advent of the internet? Well: the assassination of US president John F Kennedy in November 1963 immediately became the object of an enormous number of theories, for instance, long before the internet came into our lives. Within months of the assassination, nearly half of all Americans polled thought that Lee Harvey Oswald had not acted alone; by 1983, this proportion had climbed to 80 per cent. If anything, the advent of the internet has actually reduced the prevalence of conspiracy theories about the death of the president, which, towards the end of 2013, 50 years on, were believed by 62 per cent of Americans.

To come to my third point, conspiracy theories aren't always or necessarily wrong. Many were no mere fantasies but had, and sometimes still have, a basis in the truth. A central part of our project looks at the relationship between theories and conspiracies.

In the 1820s, secret societies did indeed proliferate. In our own time, some conspiracies about key events have turned out to be true: the destruction of New York's Twin Towers in 2001 was the result of a conspiracy within al-Qaeda; the break-in to the Democratic Party Headquarters in the Watergate Hotel in 1972 was the result of a conspiracy hatched in President Nixon's Oval Office; the bombs that went off in London on July 7 2005, were the result of a conspiracy devised by British terrorists.

Are they, then, an inevitable product of democracy, where everyone is free to put forward an explanation of major current events? In fact, we know that conspiracy theories have also been widespread in dictatorships and authoritarian regimes. Hitler banned all political groups apart from the Nazi Party and forced all organisations, including the press and news media, to close down or be turned into Nazi organisations, forcing his critics and opponents to go underground and work conspiratorially, even if it was only to produce leaflets and pamphlets for secret distribution during the night, or merely to keep the flame of communism or socialism burning until better times came. Where open dissent and criticism are impossible, the only way to oppose the government is by forming a secret society or a conspiracy.

History is littered with secret plots to overthrow democratic political systems, too, notably in the Sixties and Seventies with the coups d'tat that established military regimes in many South American countries. But the very existence of a dictatorship or an authoritarian regime acts as a spur to its enemies to get together behind the scenes to overthrow it.

Yet when we look back at the numerous examples in history of the assassination of leading political figures, we find that most of them have involved lone individuals, rather than groups of conspirators, even if they have been acting in the name of some wider ideology. Often it seems to many people impossible to believe this fact; hence the conspiracy theories that have followed the assassination of JFK, or around the burning down of the Reichstag on February 27 1933.

To come to the final point in my list, conspiracy theories can take on a variety of forms and structures. In order to keep the aims, purposes, methods and membership of a conspiracy secret, it's important that as few people are involved as possible. Police forces and agents of those against whom conspiracies are directed have frequently tried to infiltrate them, so conspiracies have tried to ensure the loyalty of their members by the threat of retaliation against possible traitors. The reductio ad absurdum of this is to be found in G?K Chesterton's satirical novel The Man Who Was Thursday, where all the members of a supposed terrorist plot turn out to be police agents.

In early modern Europe, and well into the 19th century, conspiracies cemented the loyalty of members through sacred oaths and initiation ceremonies; indeed in German the term for conspiracy is Verschwörung, a collective oath-taking, as is the French conjuration and its equivalents in Spanish and Italian. Whether or not the oaths were religious, they owed a great deal to the rites and initiation ceremonies through which artisan guilds and confraternities sought to bind their members to the maintenance of proper standards of craftsmanship and other essential aspects of their trade - practices parodied in the supposed ritual practices of witches' covens, another form of conspiracy widely believed in during the 16th and 17th centuries.

A lot remains to be done in researching the history, structure and dynamics of conspiracy theories, their relationship with real conspiracies, and the changes they have undergone through time.

It's easy to be alarmist and suggest they are a threat to democracy and to confidence and trust in democratic political systems, but there have been relatively few times in democratic countries where this has really been the case: the McCarthy period in post-war America, which arguably reduced the possibility of democratic dissent and restricted the range of political opinions it was legitimate to express, could be said to have been one. But the mere proliferation of such theories is surely not a threat in itself. The fact that some people believe that men never landed on the Moon isn't going to undermine the American political system or any other. And the widespread belief among Republicans that President Obama is not American is an expression rather than a cause of the divisions now affecting America's public life and political institutions.

Few people in the end believe that we are ruled by alien lizards in disguise. It's only where conspiracy theories are directed at long-term trends rather than specific incidents or single observable phenomena, as in the case of global warming, that there seems to be no easily obtainable resolution to the clash of opinion; and even here, the overwhelming consensus of scientists and experts is solidly behind the conclusion that global warming is happening and is the product of man-made climate change. The debate goes on, but it's not a case of conspiracy theories threatening democracy, whatever else it might be. By themselves, such theories may reinforce political suspicion and prejudice, but they're not the origin of it.

To learn more about the Conspiracy and Democracy project, visit the website conspiracyanddemocracy.org

Read more: http://www.smh.com.au/world/911-moo...eep-pattern-20140618-zsd0d.html#ixzz34xAFgmZv
 
Again guys, the above two posts are prime examples of counterproductive commentary. Ninae's posting quite on-topically in this particular thread.

ebola

And Germany...I've read that Germany is one of the countries that still hold a lot of spiritual darkness...but thought that would be a remnant from the Second World War.

But seems like there's still mischevious activity going on there.

Sad really. As Germany is a wonderful country in many ways, many of my ancestors are from there, and most of the people are good. I would hope that Germany can be purified and restored to the heart of love and beauty that is the ancient soul of the country.
 
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grin.gif
 
Does anybody else find these videos.. interesting? (Getting past the palm to face action)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDpAxC81rSU

Especially the part that starts around 2:50 (talking about MA370).. I mean.. do these coincidences exist everywhere but only crazy people see them and pick them out to fit their beliefs or?

(It gets crazy islamaphobic / bible = prophecy pretty quickly.. but i find it all quite.. interesting)
 
Aye I am aware of that but where is the polar opposite?

Maybe it's a fad.. Alex Jones and David Icke stirring up a shit storm of paranoid loons.. or maybe it's a defence mechanism of citizens pissed off with the way they see their country going.. grasping at anything and anything that may help them confirm their suspicions or.. maybe there's a little truth hidden in it all? :p

I do believe in the illuminati.. although probably not in the way that most people think of them.. but there certainly are a small group of people, rich and powerful people, that "control" (/influence) politics on a greater level than the civilian population do (in the western world).. And I really don't think that these people "pulling the strings" have working joe bloggs on their mind when they make their moves..
 
I do believe in the illuminati.. although probably not in the way that most people think of them.. but there certainly are a small group of people, rich and powerful people, that "control" (/influence) politics on a greater level than the civilian population do (in the western world).. And I really don't think that these people "pulling the strings" have working joe bloggs on their mind when they make their moves..

[video=youtube_share;BDkbaPedIz4]http://youtu.be/BDkbaPedIz4[/video]
 
What about the study that found America to be an Oligarchy?

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/wor...1/The-US-is-an-oligarchy-study-concludes.html

Mixed with the fact (I say this very loosely as I can't be arsed to find sources) that the rich and powerful do get together for meetings of which are super serial secret?

OR! (I'm quite drunk right now and finding it hard to hear / understand chomsky) are you saying that i've just explained the way the western world works?
 
What about the study that found America to be an Oligarchy?

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/wor...1/The-US-is-an-oligarchy-study-concludes.html

Mixed with the fact (I say this very loosely as I can't be arsed to find sources) that the rich and powerful do get together for meetings of which are super serial secret?

OR! (I'm quite drunk right now and finding it hard to hear / understand chomsky) are you saying that i've just explained the way the western world works?

It's OK, I'm kinda drunk too. If it weren't for the red underlines on the Firefox spell check I'd be completely incoherent right now ;)

I think the vid I posted would probably confirm the link you just posted. Yes, America IS run by an oligarchy. Yes, the rich and powerful DO conspire. But it's more a matter of looking for the existing power structures that exist rather than seeing some hidden hand behind it orchestrating the whole affair. There are enough conspiracies in the true sense of the word going on that can be read about in the business pages of any decent daily newspaper to worry about fantastical stories of the Illuminatii or any other hand-waving woo-woo crap that you care to dig up from the internet. The conspiring that really is going on is happening in plain sight,it is the nature of the power structures we all accept as the status quo that are really pulling the strings.

Mixed with the fact (I say this very loosely as I can't be arsed to find sources) that the rich and powerful do get together for meetings of which are super serial secret?

They're not actually that secret at all - I guess that's really the cut and thrust of what he is getting at. It's not the secret heeby-jeeby business that we should be concerned about, it's the goings on that are happening under our very noses. When someone like Edward Snowden turns up and blows the whistle on the whole artifice, it isn't the secret cults of the Illuminatii he's exposing, it is the everyday affairs of state-craft. He managed to open up a whole can of secretive worms but it wasn't skull & bones shit, it was exactly the sort of things you'd expect that the public and established power structures would be doing when not exposed to the disinfecting light of transparency and accountability. And, really, that *should* be a lot more concerning to you and I because it is the mundane, the normal - the sort of shit we have a franchise in and should be able to change.
 
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Ha, fair play..

Was just writing a reply but first.. What do you mean by the existing power structures? The true conspiracies that you can read about in the business pages of any decent daily newspapers?

Thinking back through the clourdy memory of the past haf hour.. I guess yu're yalking abut the whack job conspiracy theoris as highlighted in the video i posted.. in which case I'm in all agrreement.

(Left the red lines ther for your amusement)
 
What do you mean by the existing power structures? The true conspiracies that you can read about in the business pages of any decent daily newspapers?


So the structures of the business community, of politics, the status quo that allows us to go "oh, yeah, that's just kind off how things are" - a grand example is the conspiracy to blame 9/11 on Iraq when really it was a plot initiated by Whaabist extremists from Saudi Arabia. Or the coordinated plot among the interested business elite to write climate science off as some kind of leftist conspiracy.

It's a case of certain interests coalescing over a common cause to sell a particular message - you can read about it in any decent academic public relations journal. The real conspiracies are in plain sight.

Another great example is trickle-down economics - a bunch of self-interested business and academic conspired to create a narrative about the nature of economics that they then very successfully prosecuted in the public sphere and convinced millions of people to act and vote against their own interest (the "job creators").

There was nothing particularly secretive or nefarious about what they did, in fact you can read about it in no end of publicly available journals.

They were just a group with something in common that coalesced to use open policy mechanisms to take control of the public debate and convince a large proportion of the American population to act against their own interests.

There's nothing particularly secretive about it. It is all out there in the public sphere, it's just that the media corporations than have a common interest with the conspirators don't have an interest in selling the truth to the public.

They are the power structures. There's no skulls. There's not bones.There's just the shit they teach kids who study the right shit at university. Anyone can see the truth if they have the time and/or the inclination - it's just that most of us don't. It really is that simple
 
Ugh. Reading back over all of that - if I hadn't have had at least 20 standard drinks tonight I'd probably be able to make a much more cohrent case. i hope you get the gist of what I'm getting at though :|
 
Or the coordinated plot among the interested business elite to write climate science off as some kind of leftist conspiracy.

This one actually really pisses me off.

Another great example is trickle-down economics - a bunch of self-interested business and academic conspired to create a narrative about the nature of economics that they then very successfully prosecuted in the public sphere and convinced millions of people to act and vote against their own interest (the "job creators").

This one more so..

But OK fair play.. Maybe my use of the word conspiracy (did i even use it?) may not have been used in the literal, technical sense.. but when these groups do these things knowing that nobody will know / realise? Surely that could be classified as secret ;) But ok ok I see your point and am in total (almost) agreement with you.

So you don't think anything of Bohemian Grove or the Skull, Crossbones society and the like (ignoring their apparent cult like rituals)?
 
Just read that more than 100 passengers aboard MA flight 777 were Aids experts.. awaits the inevitable conspiracy theories surrounding it..
 
This one actually really pisses me off.

Me too. More than you can possibly imagine :!

So you don't think anything of Bohemian Grove or the Skull, Crossbones society and the like (ignoring their apparent cult like rituals)?

I think that there are much greater and obvious networks of control and cooperation - the minutes of which are generally subject to public accountability. Established power structures are much more powerful and are in the plain sight of day for anyone who cares to look. The real problem is the way in which the populace is completely oblivious to what is happening all around them and the insidious nature of business-as-usual politics. The powers that be have much better cover behind apathy and disinterest than they do weirdo rituals and cults.
 
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