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Acetaminophen as cannabinoid pro-drug

LuxEtVeritas said:
first that this was acting as a pro-drug is somewhat old news

anyway, AM404 is an "ARI" -- Anandamide Reuptake Inhibitor

anandamide while known as a CB1 AGONIST also is known to not express THC-like effect in regards to the "high" they can foster, but is know to have an analgesic effect
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So by that logic, is it safe to assume that Chocolate and APAP have a lot of synergy?

Btw, it is worthy of note that a lot of endocannabinoids are made from Arachidonic acid (I think thats what it was?) and that many nocciceptive transmitters are also made in the same cycle. Please correct me if I'm wrong.
 
saucy2040 said:
well if it gets converted into a cannibinoid in our brains why dont we feel anything?
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a lot of cannabinoids (if not the majority) are not psychoactive. CBD for example isn't (at least it doesn't cause intoxication)
 
^ Apparently that used to be the case, but not anymore. Not even the cheapest 5-panel test will show a positive for any of those nowadays.
 
Anyone who take larger dosages of APAP should also take as much vitamin c as possible to prevent liver damage.

The real question is about this Anandamide or other endogenous cannibinoids...
 
It's a powerful anti-oxidant, though I don't know if an anti-oxidant would help against paracetamols toxicity, correct me if I'm wrong, but paracetamol doesn't damage the liver by oxidative stress, which anti-oxidants counteract.
 
Well first pass metabolism in the liver (oxidative) is what produces the toxic metabolites.

If these metabolites dont go through second pass metabolism (conjugation) they damage the cells in the liver.

Do you think mullberryman is suggesting that perhaps vitamin C prevents the oxidative metabolism? Seems unlikely.
 
It would appear that vit.c does prevent damage to the liver by APAP metobites, however they are instead flushed into the kidneys, where they can become renaltoxic.
 
So people should damage their kidneys instead? That sounds like a wierd thing for vitamin C to do. But I dont know too much about it.. im assuming youve got a reference or a source for this?

Why not just take some milk thistle? I dont know its mechanism of action though so Im not going to try and explain it.
 
Adrenochrome said:
Let me reiterate that acetaminophen is one of the—pardon the term—'dirtiest' drugs

I advice discussion of APAP cease and desist immediately
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advice taken under advisement

My advisers advise the advice is poor, disregarding
 
APAP may be dirty, but it does do what its supposed to do, when not used to extremes. (serious opiate junkies aside, of course) As for the Vit.C thing, well, the jury's still out, some sources say it protects the liver, while others say it doesn't protect the kidneys, so maybe it helps, maybe not so much, though it can't hurt, me thinks...
 
uh, if for some reason one does need to use large amounts of APAP simply take a sound liver detoxification adjunct such as R-ALA et al.

for some APAP seems to work superior to other non-opiate analgesics though chronic use is indeed a potential for liver issues...BUT then as stated make sure you use adjunctive agents to counter this...Vit C is not one that i see being all that effective

injectable phosphatidylcholine and r-ALA are most superior....silymarin is also suitable, but may lower testosterone which is not favorable for some
 
of course you can also just increase your water intake and your decrease sodium and fat consuption. You're liver (and other organs) will always thank you for that.
 
Anyone who take larger dosages of APAP should also take as much vitamin c as possible to prevent liver damage.
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Vitamin C/ascorbic acid will do fuck all in terms of liver protection. Paracetamol exhibits toxicity because it uses up all of the body's stores of glutathione (it gets conjugated with the paracetamol metabolite). Unconjugated paracetamol metabolite is severely hepatotoxic, so it's only when all the glutathione is used that it shows toxic symptoms. This can be avoided by taking either of the amino acids methionine or cysteine, both of which are direct metabolic precursirs of glutathione. Nothing else will help
 
uh, injectable glutathione might do the trick -- and a shitload better =D

Cysteine is negligible due to poor oral bioavailability

N-acetyl-cysteine much better

as noted r-ALA and silymarin will aslo exert hepatoprotective effects which include raising GSH levels in the liver and Phosphatidylcholine is one of the most amazing liver aids
 
This has kinda turned into a "how to avoid APAP hepatotoxity" thread, though it's an important subject.

I've always used NAC whenever taking any amount of apap, well, ever since my doc informed me that I had a moderate level of liver damage. That was in conjunction with Deptakote, though. Last time I had my liver checked they didn't find anything, though, so maybe the test was a fluke, or the NAC really helped, I dunno. I should mention that I took it daily for 3 or 4 months.
 
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