I'm not sure how well-researched Sekio's post was. Melatonin does produce serotonin. It has been studied for the treatment of depression. I'm not sure exactly what the results were but I know that it was found to be helpful (I suppose I could do a search for the studies if you like). Interestingly, marijuana and LSD increase melatonin production in the body. Certain hallucinogenic drugs emulate melatonin activity and act on the same areas of the brain. I don't know whether it has any effect on dopamine though.
Sekio's first response was an affirmative to the psychoactive question, his second was clarifying other questions.Melatonin doesn't increase serotonin in fact it has a tendency to decrease monamines including alertness promoting neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine. Serotonin attenuated melatonin's anxiolytic effects in one study presumably by activating 5-HT subtypes 2A, 2C, and 3. Melatonin can produce antidepressant effects, some of which is related to its powerful antioxidant actions and some due to neurogenesis regulation by melatonin receptors.
Endogenous melatonin production is highly correlated with marijuana and classical psychedelics like you said. It promotes REM sleep in normal people and may contribute to an awake state similar to REM type sleep during psychedelic use. I've never experienced strong hallucinogenic effects from melatonin alone. There's much more going on than just melatonin from MJ and serotogenic psychedelics.
Melatonin effects many receptors beyond the melatonin receptor and has a rare ability to penetrate almost all parts of the body. Its a powerful substance and I look forward to further research on it. For now, I'm just happy that it has consistently given me high quality sleep for a year without tolerance.
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