It’s been my experience, both as an addict on methadone maintenance and as a nurse who works with many different doctors, that each doctor has very different feelings about pain medication, addiction, and the two together. It also depends on whether you are in acute pain (after surgery for instance) or suffering from chronic, long term pain. As a rule, acute pain needs to be treated with a medication that is appropriately suited to the level of pain (mild, moderate, or severe) no matter if a patient is a known addict or not. But in reality this varies greatly from doctor to doctor. Chronic pain is harder to manage, even for patients with no history of addiction.
Some doctors tend to be a little more liberal in what they prescribe for pain. Doctors who are more familiar with opiate addiction are actually more likely to prescribe an addict higher doses of narcotics (for an acute problem) because they are aware that an addict’s tolerance levels may result in lower doses being ineffective. Other doctors, in fear of legal repercussions associated with over-prescribing opiates, are extremely cautious with what they prescribe, sometimes even to the point that patients experience unnecessary pain as a result of improper pain management.
I can also say from personal experience that doctors have varying amounts of knowledge and familiarity with medication-assisted treatments for substance abuse (drugs like methadone and suboxone) and how they affect pain management. As the opiate crisis worsens, doctors are becoming more educated in these types of treatments. However with so much focus on addiction rates and the abuse of prescription pain pills, some doctors are not properly managing their patient’s pain needs.