You're new to it, so your experiences are going to be wildly intense with it, it's only natural given the climate of ridiculously potent weed these days.
The more you do it, the more tolerance you'll build and the better time you'll have. But what you should really focus on doing is just smoking tiny amounts, I mean, so tiny you can barely see yourself exhale any smoke. Also look into magnesium (glycinate is good). A lot of people who were stoners for years suddenly get anxiety, and many have found magnesium a few hours before smoking helps a lot. I don't know that it'd help you though given you're new to it.
I highly doubt any spiking occurred, that's extremely rare with weed. As for your gummy, what was the exact percentage of CBD and THC? I know edible CBD has a pathetic bioavailability of around 10-15%, you basically have to vape or smoke CBD weed to get the fullest effect. It does cancel out a lot of the psychoactivity of THC but at a ratio like that I'd think you wouldn't even feel high, just relaxed from CBD. The ratio was probably so ridiculous due to the fact that the bioavailability is so low anyway.
Be careful with edibles anyway, THC gets converted into 11-hydroxy and is much, much more potent and is more like a psychedelic at that rate. I know people who can eat 2.5mg and get smacked all day, I also know people who can eat 300mg and not feel a thing. This was me for awhile when I used to smoke a lot, now 15mg gets me pretty damn stoned but 25mg is where I get smacked. If I ate 300mg now I'd be tripping balls and probably high for a week. One friend I know ate literally less than 1mg and he was so high he spent hours throwing up and has turned down even puffing weed ever since this incident, I couldn't believe that little got him high. Well, he has puffed weed, but it's always when he's near blackout drunk. I've told him he's smoked while drunk before and he's like no way, no I didn't lol.
Anyway, I wouldn't take these experiences as anything to turn away from it, you didn't really say how much you smoked. When I was new, I faced a joint of medical and it fucked me up in a way that THC genuinely shouldn't, but I was also 17 with an underdeveloped brain. It was a full blown psychotic episode for sure, I was hallucinating and everything, and I have no history of schizophrenia or anything like that. Hell I've tripped on psychedelics at least 1,000 times in the last 12 years and nothing bad ever came of it, especially 100 or so DMT trips I've had since the beginning of March alone.
How old are you, anyway? Because that definitely does matter, people are recommending not to smoke until you're 25 now because that's when your brain is finishing up development. I can't say if I started 1 year later if I would've been better off, maybe. I think by 18 most of it's developed, but still. My issue was smoking way too much of it as a complete noob during a time when strong medical weed was exploding. The first time I smoked it was mids and I had a great time. After that once I got the chronic, I was just facing joints when it was not necessary at all to get that high.
Anyway, whether you have a joint or a bowl, just puff it once and put it down, wait 20 minutes and then decide if you want more. There is a curve when it comes to getting used to it, I know lots of people that take a T-break, come back and try to smoke like they did and they end up freaking out too, shit is just so strong these days. 20% used to be high THC, now it's like, average. I've smoked on stuff between 32 and 38% this year and the shit smacked me so hard it was like I'd taken edibles and ended up waking up high the next morning, off half a blunt.