This press release has come from the
Asian Harm Reduction Network
AHRN Press Release: 9th February 2005
UNODC buckles under US pressure: reversal promotes spread of HIV/AIDS
Recent pressure from the US Department of State has led the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Executive Director, Antonio Maria Costa, to state that UNODC will no longer support evidence-based responses designed to prevent the spread of the blood-borne virus, HIV.
As one of the co-sponsors of UNAIDS - the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS - UNODC has previously supported measures aimed at reducing HIV risk amongst high-risk groups, including people who use drugs.
UNODC's prior support for these 'harm reduction' measures - which include the provision of new injecting equipment and pharmacotherapy treatment for drug dependent people - has been important in the ongoing fight to reduce HIV infection and other drug use-related harms, and should be commended.
In UNODC's 2004 publication, 'Drugs and HIV/AIDS in South East Asia', it is made clear that "The UNODC is fully aligned with the World Health Organisation in recognition of the need to adopt a 'harm reduction' approach to the problem of HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDUs)."
Harm reduction is a means, not a goal. It is a means through which health care workers can reach out to people at risk of drug related harms - in particular, HIV. People who use drugs are often discriminated against, and the resulting social marginalisation means that many do not even have access to the most basic health care services. Needle and syringe exchange programmes and pharmacotherapy, in conjunction with outreach activities, are essential components of comprehensive and compassionate harm reduction responses.
The UNODC's own report goes on to state that "Harm reduction approaches have not been adopted to any significant degree in the [South East Asian] region. However, those few cases in which they have been tried, such as in small-scale pilot projects, have found them to be effective in slowing, stabilising and reversing the spread of HIV among IDUs and their sexual partners."
This slowing and subsequent reversal of the HIV epidemic is critical. With current estimates of between 7.4 and 10.5 million people living with HIV/AIDS in Asia - and further estimates that by 2010 there will be more than 40 million people living with HIV in Asia alone - it is clear that evidence-based responses to the epidemic are essential.
With HIV infection in many Asian jurisdictions being disproportionately driven by the sharing and re-use of needles and syringes by people who inject drugs, harm reduction approaches have the potential to prevent millions of new HIV infections and thus stabilise and eventually reverse the course of this devastating epidemic.
The worldwide scientific evidence that harm reduction approaches save lives is overwhelming. The effectiveness and essential nature of these programs has been highlighted by the World Health Organisation, UNAIDS and UNODC in their 2004 joint policy guidelines, 'Evidence for Action on HIV/AIDS and injecting drug use.' In the policy brief called 'Provision of Sterile Injecting Equipment to Reduce HIV Transmission' it states, "The provision of access to sterile injection equipment for injecting drug users and the encouragement of its use are essential components of HIV/AIDS prevention programmes, and should be seen as part of the overall comprehensive strategies to reduce the demand for illicit drugs…'
The Asian Harm Reduction Network (AHRN) is heartened to see the global alignment of organisations working towards the prevention of HIV presenting a unified voice and urging UNODC to stand by its previous support of measures aimed at reducing HIV risk amongst high-risk groups, including people who use drugs.
In the interests of public health and the common good, the Asian Harm Reduction Network joins the call for UNODC not to bow to short-sighted political imperatives and donor demands, and to continue its active role in supporting effective, evidence-based responses to drug use and HIV/AIDS.
In the absence of clear and unequivocal support of harm reduction by UNODC, the Asian Harm Reduction Network believes that Asia and other regions are facing increasingly dire health, economic and social impacts related to drug use and HIV/AIDS.
You can also download a copy of Antonio Maria Costa's letter from
here.