Tribulus terrestris - ingredients and uses.

[izo]

next profile, rather not psychoactive but well known here i think:

Tribulus terrestris - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Among other things, it should promote strength and muscle growth (anabolic effect), but also increase libido and potency.

 

[izo]

short description by rätsch:

In Ayurvedic medicine, Tribtilus terrestris is used as an aphrodisiac and geriatric.
The fruits of this plant, also known as zama or zimpating, are used in Ladakh to strengthen beer; the young
Branches and ripe fruits are also drunk powdered in milk. At high doses (how high?) they are said to cause delirium
(NAVCHOO and BUTH 1990: 319, 3201. In addition to steroids and sapogenin, around five alkaloids,
including Harman, Harmin and Harmol (OTT 1993: 426, FESTI and SAMORINI 1997: 26).
In Balochistan (Pakistan) 10 to 20 g of the dried fruits (ghur gan) are ground up and drunk with water,
to improve men's sexual abilities (GOODMAN and GHAFOOR 1992: 55*). The powdered fruits
(gurgandako) of the closely related species Tribulus longipetalus Viv. [syn. Tribulus alatus DEL.
] are used for nasal congestion as
medicinal snuff used (ibid.: 25*).

 

[izo]

2010 - Tribulus terrestris-induced severe nephrotoxicity in a young healthy male

Abstract
Herbal medications are being progressively utilized all
over the world. Nevertheless, herbal remedies are not without
hazards and several cases of adverse reactions have
been described. Tribulus terrestris is traditionally used because
of its aphrodisiac and antiurolithiatic activities with
almost complete inhibition of stone formation. We report a
case of T. terrestris-induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity
and neurotoxicity in an Iranian male patient who used the
plant’s extract to prevent kidney stone formation. He presented
with seizure and very high serum aminotransferases
and creatinine after consuming herbal water for 2 days.
Discontinuation of the herbal remedy resulted in improvement
in symptoms and normalization of his liver enzymes.

 

[izo]

2011 - Hepatoprotective activity of Tribulus terrestris extract against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in a freshwater fish (Oreochromis mossambicus)

Abstract The potential protective role of Tribulus terrestris
in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Oreochromis
mossambicus was investigated. The effect of oral
exposure of acetaminophen (500mg/kg) in O. mossambicus at
24-h duration was evaluated. The plant extract (250 mg/kg)
showed a remarkable hepatoprotective activity against
acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. It was judged from
the tissue-damaging level and antioxidant levels in liver, gill,
muscle and kidney tissues. Further acetaminophen impact
induced a significant rise in the tissue-damaging level, and
the antioxidant level was discernible from the enzyme activity
modulations such as glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase,
glutamate pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, acid
phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate
dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione
peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase,
lipid peroxidase and reduced glutathione. The levels of all
these enzymes have significantly (p<0.05) increased in
acetaminophen-treated fish tissues. The elevated levels of
these enzymes were significantly controlled by the treatment
of T. terrestris extract (250 kg/mg). Histopathological
changes of liver, gill and muscle samples were compared
with respective controls. The results of the present study
specify the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of T.
terrestris against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in freshwater
fish, O. mossambicus.

 

[izo]

2014 - A systematic review on the herbal extract Tribulus terrestris and the roots of its putative aphrodisiac and performance enhancing effect

ABSTRACT. Tribulus terrestris (TT) is a dicotyledonous herbal plant of the Zygophyllaceae
family. In ancient medicine, extracts of the aerial parts and fruits have been used
for its diuretic, tonic, and aphrodisiac properties. Today, TT is widely used by athletes
and bodybuilders based on the belief, fueled by claims in marketing information, that
it can enhance testosterone concentrations. To assess TT’s effect on testosterone levels
in human and animals, an electronic literature search out using seven databases and the
patent database up toAugust 2013 was carried out.Randomized control trials, which included
healthy human subjects ingesting TT as sole or combined supplement, along with
animal studies with TT as a sole treatment across a number of species were included.
Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria, including one patent application. The results
showed that trials varied in duration, dosage and supplementation with TT as sole or
combined treatment, rendering meta-analysis impossible. A limited number of animal
studies displayed a significant increase in serum testosterone levels after TT administration,
but this effect was only noted in humans when TT was part of a combined supplement
administration. Literature available for the effectiveness of TT on enhancing
testosterone concentrations is limited. Evidence to date suggests that TT is ineffective
for increasing testosterone levels in humans, thus marketing claims are unsubstantiated.
The nitric oxide release effect of TT may offer a plausible explanation for the observed
physiological responses to TT supplementation, independent of the testosterone
level.

 

[izo]

2014 - Steroidal saponins from Tribulus terrestris

a b s t r a c t
Sixteen steroidal saponins, including seven previously unreported compounds, were isolated from Tribulus
terrestris. The structures of the saponins were established using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass
spectrometry, and chemical methods. They were identified as: 26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-
en-2a,3b,22a,26-tetrol-12-one (terrestrinin C), 26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-22a,26-diol-
3,12-dione (terrestrinin D), 26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-furost-4-en-22a,26-diol-3,6,12-trione
(terrestrinin E), 26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5a-furostan-3b,22a,26-triol-12-one (terrestrinin F),
26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-12b,22a,26-triol-3-one (terrestrinin G), 26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(
1?6)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-22a,26-diol-3,12-dione (terrestrinin H), and
24-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5a-spirostan-3b,24b-diol-12-one-3-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?4)-b-D-galactopyranoside
(terrestrinin I). The isolated compounds were evaluated for their platelet aggregation activities.
Three of the known saponins exhibited strong effects on the induction of platelet aggregation.

 

[izo]

2016 - Priapism caused by 'Tribulus terrestris'

A 36-year-old Caucasian man was diagnosed with a 72-h-lasting priapism that occurred after the assumption of a Herbal
supplement based on Tribulus terrestris, which is becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of sexual dysfunction. The patient
underwent a cavernoglandular shunt (Ebbehoj shunt) in order to obtain complete detumescence, from which derived negative
post-episode outcomes on sexual function. All patients consuming non-FDA-approved alternative supplements such as Tribulus
terrestris should be warned about the possible serious side effects.

 

[izo]

2017 - Tribulus terrestris Extract Improves Human Sperm Parameters In Vitro

Abstract
Objective. The object of present study was to investigate the effects of direct addition of Tribulus terrestris extract on human sperm
parameters. Design. Semen specimens from 40 healthy men volunteers were divided into 4 groups: one group received no
treatment (control group) while the others were incubated with 20, 40, and 50 mg/mL of T terrestris extract (experimental groups).
Motility, viability, and DNA fragmentation were assessed in all groups. Results. The incubation of human semen with 40 and
50 mg/mL of T terrestris extract significantly enhanced total sperm motility, number of progressive motile spermatozoa, and curvilinear
velocity over 60 to 120 minutes’ holding time (P < .05 or P < < .01). Furthermore, viability was significantly enhanced by using T
terrestris extract (P < .01). Conclusions. In vitro addition of the T terrestris extract to human sperm could affect male fertility capacity.

 

[izo]

2020 - A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Properties of Tribulus terrestris L

Abstract: The general spread of Tribulus terrestris L. (South Africa, Australia, Europe, and India), the
high content of active ingredients (in particular sterol saponins, as well as flavonoids, tannins,
terpenoids, phenol carboxylic acids, and alkaloids), and its frequent uses in folk medicine, and as
food supplements highlight the importance of evaluating its phytopharmacological properties.
There are miscellaneous hypotheses that the species could have a high potential for the prevention
and improvement of various human conditions such as infertility, low sexual desire, diabetes, and
inflammatory diseases. Worldwide, numerous herbal supplements are commercialized with
indications mostly to improve libido, sexual performance in both sexes, and athletic performance.
Phytochemical studies have shown great disparities in the content of active substances (in particular
the concentration of furostanol and spirostanol saponoside, considered to be the predominant active
ingredients related to the therapeutic action). Thus, studies of experimental pharmacology (in vitro
studies and animal models in vivo) and clinical pharmacology (efficacy and safety clinical trials)
have sometimes led to divergent results; moreover, the presumed pharmacodynamic mechanisms
have yet to be confirmed by molecular biology studies. Given the differences observed in the
composition, the plant organ used to obtain the extract, the need for selective extraction methods
which are targeted at the class of phytocompounds, and the standardization of T. terrestris extracts
is an absolute necessity. This review aims to highlight the phytochemical, pharmacological, and
toxicological properties of T. terrestris, with a focus on the contradictory results obtained by the
studies conducted worldwide.

 

[izo]

papers used:

2010 - Tribulus terrestris-induced severe nephrotoxicity in a young healthy male.pdf
2011 - Hepatoprotective activity of Tribulus terrestris extract against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in a freshwater fish (Oreochromis mossambicus).pdf
2014 - A systematic review on the herbal extract Tribulus terrestris and the roots of its putative aphrodisiac and performance enhancing effect.pdf
2014 - Steroidal saponins from Tribulus terrestris.pdf
2016 - Priapism caused by 'Tribulus terrestris'.pdf
2017 - Tribulus terrestris Extract Improves Human Sperm Parameters In Vitro.pdf
2018 - Herbal Dietary Supplements for Erectile Dysfunction A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.pdf
2020 - A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Properties of Tribulus terrestris L.pdf
2021 - Tribulus terrestris Efficacy and Safety Concerns in Diabetes and Erectile Dysfunction, Assessed in an Experimental Model.pdf

 

[Nas47]

Ye i have used it.it's good