Is addiction a disease?

sushii

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Most people in this forum would be familiar with the disease model of addiction, but for those who aren't here's a couple of brief summaries.

Disease model of addiction

Disease model of alcoholism

Do you think the disease model of addiction is accurate? Why? Are the treatments that arise from it appropriate?

And if addiction isn't a disease, how would you explain it?

I'll post my thoughts on this in a bit. :)
 
its a disease of the mind. its best understood as resulting from a variety of social, environmental, psychological and biological factors.

the problem with the disease model is that the responsibility of choice cannot be overlooked. in other words, addiction is a disease which results from poor choices. once a person has made enough poor choices reguarding drug use, then over time chemical changes occur in the body which make it more difficult to make better choices. its a downward spiral and could be viewed as a disese in that sense. also, some people are much more prone to substance abuse than others. for example, one person may try alcohol and drugs and become completely obsessed with them, even if they are physically able to abstain from using they will still experiencing cravings. whereas other people will never feel inclined to abuse substances to begin with.

do you see what im saying? the disease model is fine so long as you dont use it to justify the wrongfulness of your actions and or negate the fact that your own free choices lead to your condition. of course it must be acknowledged that some people have a much harder time abstaining than others but the disease lies in the craving (something someone has relatively little control over), not the actual useage (something which is always a decision). i hope that makes sense.
 
^ Makes sense to me.

wesmdow said:
by definition, it is a disease: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease

unless were gonna dispute official definitions here.. i dont see the purpose of this thread? or is there more to it than semantics?

Despite being popular, the disease model isn't universally accepted - there's research both for and against it. Hence why I thought it interesting to see where people stand on the issue.
 
I certainly think the disease model is accurate.

Very sadly this is a disease which can be induced by the afflicted's actions, as mentioned above.


burn out said:
the disease model is fine so long as you dont use it to justify the wrongfulness of your actions and or negate the fact that your own free choices lead to your condition.

I agree. This brings me to a related point.

I have a major problem when people blame an addict for using after hes become addicted. That is another reason why I am very adamant about telling people when the topic comes up that addiction is a disease. Its so sad when a family disowns their child for being an addict. Would someone disown their kid for having diabetes? No.

Once someone is addicted, thats it. Its not right to just keep blaming them again and again after addiction has taken hold. If you forgive them once for being an addict/becoming addicted, youve forgiven them for every addiction related substance use thereafter.
 
I have a major problem when people blame an addict for using after hes become addicted. That is another reason why I am very adamant about telling people when the topic comes up that addiction is a disease. Its so sad when a family disowns their child for being an addict. Would someone disown their kid for having diabetes? No.

I feel so conflicted about this whole topic, but in my mind I still feel there is a difference between someone having diabetes and being a drug addict. Addicts made a choice that led them down that road, whilst in many cases diabetes is something a person is born with.

Yes, there is research and a strong argument for the view that addiction may be a 'hereditary disease', even though I think this may be more strongly related to social rather then biological factors.

However, a person makes a choice that leads to them being a drug addict. I choose to use codeine everyday. It makes me feel better. I couldn't face the world without my frequent binges. Still, I don't think I should be abandoned for that, nor should anyone else. A person who's terrible diet leads to them developing diabetes type II shouldn't be abandoned either.
 
I swing on this...some days I agree with the disease model and tell myself that going to CMA, CA, NA, AA, etc. on a regular basis is no different that a diabetic taking insulin to survive. Other days I say fuck meetings, fuck the disease model, I can survive by my own willpower. I feel that the same part of my brain that says, "fuck it", is also the same part of my brain that convinced me I'd be able to use meth again soley through smoking/snorting without injecting anymore. That didn't turn out too well... =/

*edit for clarity*
Overall; I don't think it is a disease in the traditional sense. Addiction has several aspects that are similar the the concept of a disease; but I know too many people who overcame their addictions w/o accepting that they had a "disease" and required various support groups to recover from it for me to buy into what I was told in rehab, etc...
 
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this is complete and total bullshit. a DISEASE is something like cancer, where your body or mind is sick and you can't really do a thing within yourself to cure it. the whole 'addiction disease' crap is just a way for drug users to justify continued use. maybe abuse makes it more difficult to 'say no' but you ALWAYS have the option to refuse drugs. ALWAYS. even if you're strung out, sick, puking, you can still choose not to take drugs/drink. i really don't buy this whole thing where people say, 'i'm an addict, i can't help it,' or that something 'takes over' in your mind making use unavoidable. i've been very addicted and still chosen to say no even when my body was in excruciating pain from lack of drugs.

'addiction as a disease' is what people say when they won't muster up the strength from within themselves to use their willpower to just STOP. i find it sickening. it's an excuse to be weak, and a way to blame your decisions on 'something else' outside your control. using drugs is always in your control.

maybe some people have more addictive personalities or are more prone to addiction. still, they are always in control of it and the 'disease' can be cured with something as simple as putting down the pipe/needle/etc.
 
do you see what im saying? the disease model is fine so long as you dont use it to justify the wrongfulness of your actions and or negate the fact that your own free choices lead to your condition. of course it must be acknowledged that some people have a much harder time abstaining than others but the disease lies in the craving (something someone has relatively little control over), not the actual useage (something which is always a decision)

I have to really agree with this, nicely put. There's always a part of me that won't accept addiction as a disease when compared to things like cancer and diabetes. However, it's easier to swallow when looked at in the above way. Having been a heroin addict (general drug addict to be honest) I have to now accept that I will crave for an indeterminate amount of time, there is very little I can do about this. However, I will never use the excuse of "I'm an addict, don't blame me" if I was ever to pick up again. The part where I actually choose to go and score is very different to the part of my mind that sometimes dreams of using.

I also feel that because of growing up around an addict I absorbed a lot of the norms that go along with it. To then go down that route when older never felt particularly wrong or different. I knew I wasn't doing myself much good but it also felt quite natural. I just find the idea of a genetic disposition to becoming an addict somewhat useless and possibly detrimental to those it can be applied to. Whether or not I have 'addict' genes is neither here nor there to me now. I know I crave but that's hardly surprising considering the amount of pleasure I've felt on certain drugs and I know I also have a choice. I can't go and use and then blame something outside of my choices. If a cancer patient suddenly gets worse it could be down to a lot more than the choices they made for that day.

I'm not sure how useful the disease model is for addiction. Currently, I will not accept that I was born an addict. I learned how to be one. I will also not accept that I will always be an addict. Just because I learned how to ride once and then fell off doesn't mean I will always fall off for the rest of my life. I have grown addicted to heroin once and have truly attempted to stop using drugs once; as far as I'm concerned it's possible that I just need more practice at safe usage. Anyone at NA would generally tell me I'm a fool and that if I think I can control my intake of drugs then I'm just kidding myself. This may be true but I'll find that out for myself thank you. Rehab has taught me a hell of a lot about choice and responsibility.

I like this topic though as it's something I think about quite a bit. I'd like to hear the positives of using the addiction as disease theory from people. One thing I guess it has done is to move people away from believing that addicts just need locking up and punishing - I still feel that they need genuine help the majority of the time.
 
Mr Blonde said:
a person makes a choice that leads to them being a drug addict. I choose to use codeine everyday. It makes me feel better. I couldn't face the world without my frequent binges.

agreed 100% - hence yeah... it's disease but of the person's own making. if we're now gonna help that person, fine... but only if they want help and intend to be healed.

Actually I choose not to use drugs such as cocaine because it makes me feel better when I don't use it. I couldn't face the world if I had frequent binges. been there, experienced it, it destroys me, makes sober life ever harder - what's the point? Only way to live like thatwould be to avoid sobriety for, like, ever... atthe expense of my financial, physical, mental health.

Anyone who continues to be addicted has chosen not to be free from this disease. In these matters I do believe there is such a thing as free will. Help where help is due, I'm all for that. But if help is rejected, or the person will just begin their cycle of addiction right after they've been helped, again and again- there's a time to look at it the Darwinist way and just let them be where they obviously belong, where they obviously want to be.

Just like everyone has a right to health and happiness, everyone also has the right to misery and disease. Why bother forcing health and happiness upon people?

It's a disease, sure - but one of the person's own making. A label easily abused as a shield to shun responsibility. If we accept it as disease, then on these terms... a person sick in such a way is hardly a responsible adult and should not be treated as a politically mature being with the right to vote etc.

This is just my humble opinion, sorry if I sound like a fascist to some people out there who may feel outraged if I call their bluff. They're not bluffing anyone but themselves and the few people in this world who suffer from helping syndrome.

EDIT. I don't think they need locking up and punishing - they should be free to harm themselves all they want if they so choose. As long as their actions don't harm others (ie robbery and burglary and such to support the habit). Then society will ned to act. And providing free dope to them just to keep them away from crime is NOT the answer imho. That's terribly perverted.
 
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So they are not a responsible adult because they've got themselves into a hole huh? What else shall we judge them responsible or not by then - whether they pay their bills on time, if they can maintain adult relationships for x amount of years, if they are actively following the political swings and roundabouts of our time??! I think you are being a fascist Ximot, yes. To bring in the idea of taking away someones right to vote based on whether they have become addicted to a particular substance of not (and thus not a responsible adult) is fucking ridiculous. What other ideas do you have on how to gauge somebodies right to vote and how do you envisage being able to enforce it?
If no-one had wanted to help me look more closely at myself then I may well be still using or dead - what a shame that there are people who suffer from 'helper syndrome'. There's a big difference between someone who wants to rescue others and those that want to help them, remember that.

On another note (and the reason I checked back here so soon) this is an interesting article I found on Wikipedia - Rat Park
 
amnesiaseizure said:
So they are not a responsible adult because they've got themselves into a hole huh? What else shall we judge them responsible or not by then - whether they pay their bills on time, if they can maintain adult relationships for x amount of years, if they are actively following the political swings and roundabouts of our time??! I think you are being a fascist Ximot, yes. To bring in the idea of taking away someones right to vote based on whether they have become addicted to a particular substance of not (and thus not a responsible adult) is fucking ridiculous. What other ideas do you have on how to gauge somebodies right to vote and how do you envisage being able to enforce it?
If no-one had wanted to help me look more closely at myself then I may well be still using or dead - what a shame that there are people who suffer from 'helper syndrome'. There's a big difference between someone who wants to rescue others and those that want to help them, remember that.

On another note (and the reason I checked back here so soon) this is an interesting article I found on Wikipedia - Rat Park

Hmm... you're right and I am being a fascist in my post above. removing the right to vote is going a bit far, you're spot on. I retract my statement. I guess I said it mainly for shock value, to kind of drive home my point that they're irresponsibleand not really fulyl developed human beings. Remember I also said that it shoudl be their right to destroy themselves.. and who are we to interfere wit that? So, leave them be!! Unless they genuinely want help (and I don't mean free dope by that) - in which case they should get help indeed. But they should then also actually have a genuine desire to use that help and keep clean.

Regarding all the rest of what I said, I stand by it. Read carefully how I am wording everything else...I am sick of the finger-pointing moralists who think we need to nurse addicts no matter what. I am not talking about those who got into a hole. I myself was once addicted to a state of mind - depression, to be precise. And if I hadn't gotten helping hands, I may not be alive now. But there's a difference betwene people who act out of goodwill and people with helping syndrome... who will repeatedly, compulsively help people who may not even really want the help, or deserve it - considering they consistenly destroy all the positive effects of the help they got as they CHOOSE to become addicted again.

What I meant was people who just go back to the hole every time someone has helped them out of there. Whether it's depression, or addiction to a substance or whatever. Or debt... I'd help a family member or close friend with debt problems, but not repeatedly. Second or third time round I'd just shrug and let them be. Cos all I'd be doing by helping them would be to support their helplessness, but not actually them as people.

Regarding animal studies, I am wary of them. We're animals, sure, but noble ones. We're right in-between Animal and God (for lack of a better word, you get the drift I'm sure). Now, if we're merely animals, of course, we act as they do. But we're not, we have far more potential - hence we have power over the animals, control them... oh, and animals don't actually have the right to vote either, do they? ;) As humans, if we want to live up to our full potential, we need to activate other chakras than just the root/base ones that are of the animal world. To meditate... seems animals don't do that, well, not the way we do anyway. So, since we are part animal, I can accept that as a REASON for addiction but not as an EXCUSE.
 
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I'm pretty close to your thinking in terms of repeated failures - it's very hard to know when to draw the line though, some people simply need more help than others.

With the animal study, I kinda get what you're saying but I really don't feel that there's a huge difference between us and animals (if you're interested, try reading John Gray's Straw Dogs; very worthwhile) and I don't think it would have a huge bearing on the study anyway. It just seems to be pointing out that addiction has a lot more to do with the environment than was previously thought - not so much to do with the relationship between ourselves and the drug. This idea is also present in the theories surrounding overdose being more frequent in unfamiliar settings - this appeared on Bluelight recently.
 
Got you. Will look into that reading. regarding our nobility - well, the potential. I'mnot suggestign we're all noble... but we all could be! I think we're pretty much the only species that can make abstraction... we can think of the consequences of our actions, we can reflect... we can have an urge and then choose to follow it or not to follow it, based on our thinking. If our thinking is skilful and if we know that an action is not beneficial, we have the means not to follow the urge... unlike all animals I know of (except maybe dophins but I really don't know much about them).

I'maware that everything I said doesn't take into account the unfortunate people who are born into an unbeneficial environment that didn't provide them with a sense of responsibility towards themselves (and others, but first and foremost to themselves, this is where it all begins, I think) and with the love and the education required to actually become fully functional, mentally +/-healthy human beings. These people I think have the most risk of becoming addicts, especially if they fall into the pit of addiction at a very young age, say, below 18 or something... if the addiction happens later and it's about personal distress due to past trauma and such, then all I can say is please try to address the trauma and integrate it and stop replacing/suppressing it with your addiction. And if you want/need help with that, by all means I hope you can get that help.

But... many if not all of us have such traumas (ok, some more, some less, but be assured I do not think of my childhood as a happy one, and I have had my share of nasty experiences that left me feeling fearful, rejected, hurting, angry, lonely, doubting, even borderline suicidal and addicted to substances)... these traumas are reasons but not excuses for an addiction that began once one is an adult. Some people simply do not want to evolve. And that's fine. Just, why help them if they actually don't want help and just go back to being addicts, repeatedly?

Addiction is a self-inflicted disease... indeed covering, replacing some other discomfort...

back on topic, I'll shut up now, I think I have more than made my point and I don't want to impose it too much and litter the thread further. Thanks for scolding me about the right-to-vote statement,amnesiaseizure - I got carried away and I definitely went too far. :)
 
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Addiction is a disease in certain cases; benzodiazepines used to cover anxiety, for example: a drug is being used to cover a real health issue that could perhaps be treated in another manner.

However, in the case of recreational use of opiates, I'd say that it was less of a disease and more of a conscious decision coupled with an instinctual desire for pleasure; would you rather constantly experience pleasure, or only rarely experience pleasure, if ever, sushii?
 
if one becomes addicted because then one constantly experiences pleasure... then why even have the desire to stop? what is one lacking that causes the desire to stop?

is there even such a thing as constantly experiencing pleasure??? isn't that impossible? I strive for balance... if I feel to much pleasure, get too high, naturally I must come down... if I keep seeking pleasure, obviously I must crash... you can't have zeroes without ones... we must experience both the know what each one is... I strive to strive (!) for balance because being bipolar (manic-depressive) is not that nice, as I know from experience.

I am not experienced with opiate addiction except for about 10 days of daily and almost almost non-stop use of very high-grade opium while on holiday in a country that produces it...
and, well, I could feel how I had sunk and how I had got stuck in there and how it was like quicksand....... but it actually wasn't that pleasurable... it was more like, er, nothingness. Everytime I awoke from my dreamy stupor I was less of a person.... after 10 days I stopped and felt sad for at least as long. That was my short experience with opiate addiction. That was almost 6 years ago, and I have smoked heroin perhaps 4 times since then and eaten OxyContins about 7 times. And codeine/dihydrocodeine 4 or 5 times. And kratom 3 times... I do not want to become addicted to these substances because I don't think it's worth it. And so I choose not to use. There's other ways to feel good, some even totally drug free. And life isn't even all about feeling good all the time anyway. It's impossible and we all know that - so why stubbornly insist?
 
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I am agnostic about the disease concept. I struggle with it really, hence why I have landed back yet another rehab. Still there isnt much choice in the UK when it come to rehab choices, its either a short duration spell in a 12 step unit or years in a cognitive program, both models dont have that great a success rate.
i find it weird being back in the NA rooms after spending 8 years clean and 7 years back on and now off. I am what now 2 months drug and alcohol free, I still abhor the clean word.
In reality its what works for individuals. Sceptically I do think the disease concept makes for a better corporate business
 
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