lulzkiller
Bluelighter
Hey, I just saw that the new issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences (Vol 34 | Issue 06, December 2011) is dedicated to drugs from a psychiatric perspective. It contains one core article (20 pages) and 19 open peer commentaries (1 page each approx.). Even if I don't study any related field, I found the topic to be of considerable personal interest and as of now I'm almost through the core article. I think it's really nice to see a shift away from drugs only being studied as evolutionary maladaptations, as well as someone trying to put an end to the myth that drugs can only be abused.
Abstract of core article:
Titles and authors of open peer commentaries:
Toward an evolutionary basis for resilience to drug addiction - Serge H. Ahmed
Drugs' rapid payoffs distort evaluation of their instrumental uses - George Ainslie
Drugs as instruments from a developmental child and adolescent psychiatric perspective - Tobias Banaschewski, Dorothea Blomeyer, Arlette F. Buchmann, Luise Poustka, Aribert Rothenberger, Manfred Laucht
Drug use as consumer behavior - Gordon Robert Foxall, Valdimar Sigurdsson
Nonaddictive instrumental drug use: Theoretical strengths and weaknesses - Andrew J. Goudie, Matthew J. Gullo, Abigail K. Rose, Paul Christiansen, Jonathan C. Cole, Matt Field, Harry Sumnall
Non-addictive psychoactive drug use: Implications for behavioral addiction - Mark D. Griffiths
Does drug mis-instrumentalization lead to drug abuse? - Tod E. Kippin
Drug instrumentalization and evolution: Going even further - Daniel H. Lende
Optimal drug use and rational drug policy - Geoffrey F. Miller
Sacramental and spiritual use of hallucinogenic drugs - Levente Móró, Valdas Noreika
The instrumental rationality of addiction - Hanna Pickard
Drug addiction finds its own niche - Alastair Reid
Why do we take drugs? From the drug-reinforcement theory to a novel concept of drug instrumentalization - Rainer Spanagel
But is it evolution…? - Roger J. Sullivan, Edward H. Hagen
Flaws of drug instrumentalization - Joel Swendsen, Michel Le Moal
Psychoactive drug use: Expand the scope of outcome assessment - Alfonso Troisi
Drugs, mental instruments, and self-control - Robert Van Gulick
Aspects of nicotine utilization - David M. Warburton
Governing drug use through neurobiological subject construction: The sad loss of the sociocultural - Kevin Chien-Chang Wu
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Authors' response: To use or not to use: Expanding the view on non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption and its implications - Christian P. Müller, Gunter Schumann
Abstract of core article:
Drugs as instruments: A new framework for non-addictive psychoactive drug use - Christian P. Müller, Gunter Schumann
Most people who are regular consumers of psychoactive drugs are not drug addicts, nor will they ever become addicts. In neurobiological theories, non-addictive drug consumption is acknowledged only as a “necessary” prerequisite for addiction, but not as a stable and widespread behavior in its own right. This target article proposes a new neurobiological framework theory for non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption, introducing the concept of “drug instrumentalization.” Psychoactive drugs are consumed for their effects on mental states. Humans are able to learn that mental states can be changed on purpose by drugs, in order to facilitate other, non-drug-related behaviors. We discuss specific “instrumentalization goals” and outline neurobiological mechanisms of how major classes of psychoactive drugs change mental states and serve non-drug-related behaviors. We argue that drug instrumentalization behavior may provide a functional adaptation to modern environments based on a historical selection for learning mechanisms that allow the dynamic modification of consummatory behavior. It is assumed that in order to effectively instrumentalize psychoactive drugs, the establishment of and retrieval from a drug memory is required. Here, we propose a new classification of different drug memory subtypes and discuss how they interact during drug instrumentalization learning and retrieval. Understanding the everyday utility and the learning mechanisms of non-addictive psychotropic drug use may help to prevent abuse and the transition to drug addiction in the future.
Titles and authors of open peer commentaries:
Toward an evolutionary basis for resilience to drug addiction - Serge H. Ahmed
Drugs' rapid payoffs distort evaluation of their instrumental uses - George Ainslie
Drugs as instruments from a developmental child and adolescent psychiatric perspective - Tobias Banaschewski, Dorothea Blomeyer, Arlette F. Buchmann, Luise Poustka, Aribert Rothenberger, Manfred Laucht
Drug use as consumer behavior - Gordon Robert Foxall, Valdimar Sigurdsson
Nonaddictive instrumental drug use: Theoretical strengths and weaknesses - Andrew J. Goudie, Matthew J. Gullo, Abigail K. Rose, Paul Christiansen, Jonathan C. Cole, Matt Field, Harry Sumnall
Non-addictive psychoactive drug use: Implications for behavioral addiction - Mark D. Griffiths
Does drug mis-instrumentalization lead to drug abuse? - Tod E. Kippin
Drug instrumentalization and evolution: Going even further - Daniel H. Lende
Optimal drug use and rational drug policy - Geoffrey F. Miller
Sacramental and spiritual use of hallucinogenic drugs - Levente Móró, Valdas Noreika
The instrumental rationality of addiction - Hanna Pickard
Drug addiction finds its own niche - Alastair Reid
Why do we take drugs? From the drug-reinforcement theory to a novel concept of drug instrumentalization - Rainer Spanagel
But is it evolution…? - Roger J. Sullivan, Edward H. Hagen
Flaws of drug instrumentalization - Joel Swendsen, Michel Le Moal
Psychoactive drug use: Expand the scope of outcome assessment - Alfonso Troisi
Drugs, mental instruments, and self-control - Robert Van Gulick
Aspects of nicotine utilization - David M. Warburton
Governing drug use through neurobiological subject construction: The sad loss of the sociocultural - Kevin Chien-Chang Wu
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Authors' response: To use or not to use: Expanding the view on non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption and its implications - Christian P. Müller, Gunter Schumann