I've had my first cat now, he's a brown tabby, for a bit over 6 months. Have had multiple dogs in childhood. Have interacted with many cats.
There is no debate in my mind that dogs are more intelligent, if only for the fact that they can learn language and even apply it. Cats can't learn anything past gestures and their association with their name. I have used a number of training practices to attempt to instill some sort of order top the chaos that is my cat, Pippin, and 90% of the time I fail. Even as a small child I was able to teach my dog commands, boundaries, etc.
The 'fondness' a cat might feel for a person is superficial, it's only expressed over time due to the fact that the cat realizes you're the only one who can feed or play with him. It's not because he would sit by your dead body and be sad the way a dog would.
I'm so shocked by the stupidity and low intellect of cats that my wife and I debate on a weekly basis whether or not we want to get rid of Pippin. He's an asshole, and I've done everything in my power to reason with him. To teach him. To be nice to him in the hopes that he'll reciprocate. He simply does not learn. He's incapable and all cats are incapable. People simply misinterpret their interactions with them as some sort of connection.
Don't get me wrong, through far too much time investment, you can get a cat to maybe learn a few things. So yeah, they can 'earn', but not in the way dogs can. and I agree Tathra, that dogs are for authoritarian types and cats are for those who value anarchy and chaos or rather might live that way themselves. I'm an authoritarian, and I cannot stand my, or anyone else's cats. Only one cat I've ever met was remotely lovable, and even then, he still wasn't that intelligent. Any dog can adapt and learn though, and it's a matter of the owner's teaching abilities that determine their outcome.
If I was heartless enough to throw my cat to the street, I would. As is, I'm still debating putting an ad up on craigslist or something, trying to get rid of this stupid creature that destroys my prized belongings and scorns me at every turn. Just earlier, he came to sit in my lap; awwww, cute, right? No. He turned and bit me as soon as he got comfy. I tossed him as far across the room as I could. Maybe he wants to be tossed... I'm inclined to believe he doesn't have the intellect to associate why he's being tossed with the fact that he bites me.
I know you think your cat loves you Xork, and I believe he may show you more affection than the average cat. But I refuse to confuse that with any sort of intellect anywhere near that of the dumbest of dogs.