i'm probably going to derail the thread a bit with this, cause i love the subject, so my apologies in advance
a large part of that will be due to cultural background. the west is what is called a 'guilt culture', it is set on seeking a general (initially focused on moral) authority outside of itself, before which all are rendered equal, thus, as objective as possible. in various traditional philosophical debates waged in antiquity and the middle ages we can see the seeds of a shift (or rather, schism) towards an inherent natural law, where we begin to see nature as independent from us, especially in favor of the mind as the locus of our self, and our humanity (think Descartes), and from which empirical science was born.
eastern culture is typed as a 'shame culture'. little can be actually said about how that works, because as a westerner, we are bound to an extremely deeply ingrained mode of thinking that goes back at least as far as the Greeks. this background 'works in our back', it unconsciously forms and structures our thoughts and perception before we are actually conscious of that, it is passed over and honed from generation to generation through how we are raised and educated. its the mother of all metaprogramming. as such, we can never see eastern culture the way an easterner does, we will always see it through a westerners eyes, and that is what we need to keep in mind when coming to descriptions about their culture. the dichotomy guilt vs shame culture itself already bears the undeniable hallmark of western thought. that being said, for what its worth, a shame culture revolves much more around perception and being perceived on a horizontal level. which marks a kind of fluidity, or a morality based on coherence as a whole. this is evident from the pride (or shame) they take to be part of something successful (or unsuccessful). they have a strong affinity and striving to act as one, collectively speaking. A very laden eastern concept is that of 'the face'; they also seek to present a kind of 'unified face' of 'their people/nation' as a whole' to the outside (western, muslim) world. every single individual in such a collective bears that responsibility to the nation/collective they are part of. the absolute worst thing that can happen to an easterner is 'losing face', what is described as the discovery of a weakness or failure behind the facade/face they are presenting outwardly in a way that they themselves were not aware of and thus not prepared for. politically, we can think of for instance their refusal for objective checking whether kyoto norms were actually (objectively) being respected, behind the presented 'face' so to speak. they found the very insinuation that such a request brings offensive, while for us, this simply rests on our need for objective authority, because we know that in our culture/individualism, if there is no body of authority regulating and checking it, it will simply not be done. for them, it was a matter of trust, which was intimately tied to their self-worth and honor. for them, just to accept objective checking alone, regardless of positive or negative conclusions, was considered to be already a 'loss of face' because it meant we didn't trust them, therefor their honor was bruised, and therefor they shouldn't trust us. its a very weird way of thinking, to say the least.
as for our scientific method, they have accepted it, but only 'before their (original) face', not 'behind it'. they do not really take it in, instead, they seem to produce a double-layer to the face, one where they copied our way, applied it in their 'collective fashion', and then present that as a face outwardly again, but keeping that face in front of their deeper, 'original face'. collectively speaking, evidence of that can be seen in the western-alike coastal line of China, where westerners and their culture are welcome and considered harmless, as opposed to the deeper inland, where there is censorship and westerners are often met with suspicion and are closely looked after by local authorities, because there they can and often will do damage (journalists especially) to that collective face to the world, for which these authorities in particular are morally responsible, which is felt in a very strong way to them.
again, while i find it extremely interesting to think about this, my analysis here should't be considered complete or thorough in any way, shape or form, it is most likely a rather thin, and oh so western representation of something that touches upon them in an extremely deep and, to us westerners, incomprehensible way. So i must ask any eastern reader to forgive me the impudence of my curiosity; but i would surely welcome him or her to shed some more light, and, undoubtedly, correct me upon the subject, should he feel permitted to do so.