The anaesthetic state produced by ketamine has been termed "dissociative anaesthesia" in that it appears to selectively interrupt association of the brain before producing somesthetic sensory blockade.
they work essentially by blocking the brain's ability to gather information from the senses. this occurs when ketamine binds to the PCP2 site on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (which is not where NMDA binds; therefore, it is called 'non-competitive inhibition' because NMDA and ketamine do not 'compete' for a binding site), inhibiting that receptor's activity. when NMDA activity is inhibited, NMDA cannot fulfill its ordinary function of stimulating/'exciting' the glutamate system, which is responsible in part for sensory association.