Quick example - concomitant use of cannabis with MDMA results in lower prolactin response to fenfluramine.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006322301013063
Yes, its a small sample size. Lots of people like to oppose me without really trying, so I will point it out myself.
But the finding is in line with my assertion - heavier use of cannabis results in lower endocrine response to serotonin release.
Here is another -
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hup.342/abstract
Once again small sample size, but it shows that the use of cannabis is directly related to the statistical significance of serotonergic dysfunction in former MDMA users. Those that were not heavy smokers, did not exhibit significant scores for emotional/psychological problems. Yet another study that shows MDMA's neurotoxic effect may not be directly related to emotional problems on its own. It is the combination...
Here's another -
http://www.springerlink.com/content/vr8cc8rh2m1pd8j4/
Self-reported psychological problems are closely correlated to the combination of MDMA and regular cannabis use.
Marijuana results in lowered serotonin and nor-epinephrine levels in teenagers.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091217115834.htm
Low doses of marijuana increases serotonin, while large doses cause it to 'plummet'.
http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/10/a-little-mariju/
Cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive component of cannabis, has a modest affinity for the 5-HT1a receptor and possibly 5-HT2a.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/y132n82436n8086v/
Taking SSRI andti-depressants decrease or eliminate the effects of LSD.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0893133X95001454
Mushrooms can cause schizophrenia-like psychosis through action on the 5-HT2a receptor.
http://journals.lww.com/neuroreport...duces_schizophrenia_like_psychosis_in.24.aspx
It think that's enough posting for now.
I am surprised that people simply want to argue with me about the most basic things.
If you think that LSD doesn't effect serotonin, you are arguing about a very basic concept.
LSD is not a direct releaser of serotonin, but it IS an agonist of certain receptors, which will indirectly increase serotonin in brain regions like the visual cortex.
Your 5-HT receptors are indeed involved in the actions of MOST psychidelic drugs. LSD, mushrooms, piperazines, MDMA - all serotonergic.
Here's a fun one -
http://jcp.bmj.com/content/53/3/223.abstract
Two case-reports of SEVERE neuorleptic malignant syndrome from the combination of MDMA and LSD.
If you didn't know - this is a condition very closely related to serotonin syndrome.
The key difference is speed of onset - SS happens VERY quickly.
It can take days after MDMA use to develop SS, but when it starts it is very sudden - like a switch is flipped.
NMS takes longer, sometimes days or even weeks to develop.
When it happens slowly, as in NMS, it is considered potentially severe and extremely toxic.
The patients mentioned in this study had destruction of skeletal muscle fiber.
In some areas over 50% of fibers were torn and edema (swelling) was profound.
There was tissue necrosis in one patient.
Just in case you don't understand the significance of this kind of edema...
Just imagine the 'jaw clenching' and muscle tightness from MDMA that you are used to.
Now multiply it in intensity and duration until your muscles are hurting like never before in your life.
Yet you still can't stop the clenching.
Your arms, legs, and face all swell up with fluid - similar to a patient with liver failure.
Your brain is also put under pressure from the edema, by the way.
Although your large muscles are aching uncontrollably, it is the skeletal muscle that starts to die first.
As this happens, toxins are released into your blood that are normally only found in people that have been CRUSHED, like by a falling building.
If this toxin, known as myoglobin, reaches high enough levels, your kidneys are destroyed and urine turns dark brown. And you die.
Look - I understand that LSD and MDMA is a beautiful mixture. I have never tried it myself, but I have heard plenty about it.
No, LSD is not as powerful a serotonin releaser as MDMA, so the odds of Serotonin Syndrome or NMS are lower when compared to MAO.
But LSD is a damned powerful drug with LONG-lasting effects on the brain. To say that it doesn't affect serotonin and can't cause SS is just wrong.
The greater risk is MDMA - it does not mix safely with most substances.
This includes heavy use of weed, for fuck's sake.
So don't go around deluding yourself - the mixture of two powerful psychedelic drugs can be VERY dangerous.
I have a friend that combined mushrooms and MDMA.
The next day his intestinal pain was so bad he had surgery to remove a section.
He was also having extreme anxiety and panic the whole night.
Now he says he 'hates' tabs.
Your serotonin system exists primarily for the contraction of smooth muscle around your intestines, but it is also closely linked to many diverse brain functions. These drugs take advantage of the astounding brain-gut connection - and there is always potential for problems when playing with nerves.
As with any drug, dosage is a VERY important factor. The more you take, the greater the risk.
This is even true of the interaction between weed and MDMA - the more you smoke, the more likely you are to have MAJOR issues, due to modified serotonin function. I have little doubt that my long-term use of marijuana played a direct role in my breakdown from MDMA use. But it was the combination of MDMA and high dose benedryl that caused Serotonin Syndrome to happen.
I should mention that the benedryl wasn't taken for 48 hours after my mini-binge on MDMA.
By 72 hours, it nearly killed me, and very suddenly. I was fine one minute, and dying of a heart-attack the next (so I thought).
If I hadn't been in great shape and controlling my body-temperature...who knows.
If MDMA plus 4 benedryl tabs, spaced two days apart, can cause severe SS...
Just try to listen to advice - I don't give it for no reason.
And please don't argue with me just because you don't like the statements I make.
If you have something to say, back it up.
Schizophrenia is not only caused by genetics.
Environmental factors play an important role, along with drug use.
While it typically begins in teens or early 20s, it does happen to much older people.
Once it occurs, follow-up episodes are typical.
It is a tragic disorder that truly changes the way a person experiences their life.
It is believed to be caused by an excess of dopamine in the lower brain regions, along with a reduced dopamine and activity level in higher brain regions.
MDMA selectively damages serotonin axons in higher brain regions, especially the Prefrontal Cortex.
Serotonin modulates other neurotransmitters - especially dopamine.
It also has a direct and profound influence on blood flow around the brain.
So using MDMA, especially in combination with other serotonin agents like LSD, can cause a severe disruption in blood flow, glucose metabolism, and dopamine release in
higher brain regions. Long-term use of marijuana also decreases serotonin.
Those with genetic predisposition to this dopamine malfunction are MUCH more likely to develop the disorder if they smoke weed or take psychedelics.
However, there are PLENTY of people that were never diagnosed with schizophrenia that exhibited symptoms INDISTINGUISHABLE from the disease - DUE TO MDMA USE.
Diagnosis with schizophrenia is withheld for ONE year after drug discontinuation - and this psychosis is typical of amphetamine use (meth,MDMA).
Some develop this dopamine disconnect from a traumatic life event - others cause it through long term drug use.
Genetics are involved, but not for all patients.
I hope somebody is listening...