Catecholamines - the physiologically active monoamine subtype molecules dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline) that act as both neurotransmitters and hormones that are vital to maintain homeostasis of the autonomic nervous system. Catecholamine release is triggered by fear, anxiety, or stress, as well as by endogenous compounds such as histamine, angiotensin II, bradykinin, or exogenous compounds being introduced to the nervous system and various receptors throughout the body and brain such as drugs like amphetamines, opioids, some pharmaceuticals, and other drugs as well as catecholamine precursor amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine; catecholamines are even released in response to food, sex, gambling, and more, and are known as the bodies reward, alertness/focus, and flight or fight response compounds. (Catecholamines are far more technical than this short explanation and can be neurotoxic and cause biological problems and more, a more in-depth description is in the attached paper).
Indolamines - Indolamines are another physiologically active sub-type of monoamine that are tryptamines formed from precursor amino acid tryptophan and include the aminergic neuromodulators such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), melatonin, bufotenin, as well as the substituted indole psychedelic derivative compounds including dimethyltryptamine, psilocybin, and lysergamides that are amides of lysergic acid which contain a tryptamine structure, examples of lysergamides are the the ergot and similar alkaloids ergotamine, ergine aka d-lysergic acid amide (LSA), and LSD aka lysergic acid diethylamide (a potent agonist/antagonist of dopamine and serotonin that can cause a psychedelic effect alike tryptamine). Indolamines also act as both neurotransmitters and hormones and are involved in emotional response, sleep, body temperature, as well as digestion, metabolism, the circadian rhythm (sleep cycle), and more. Indolamines are produced endogenously by the pineal gland throughout the night during sleep as melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), serotonin (from N-acetyl serotonin), and N-acetyl tryptamine from the conversion of the precursor amino acid tryptophan and are also formed and released by exogenous triggers such as many foods, and drugs such as MDMA, or melatonin and serotonin reuptake inhibitors including cocaine, amphetamines, dextromethorphan, certain antipsychotics, antiemetics, migraine drugs, SSRI/SNRI antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, atypical antidepressants such as agomelatine, and many others, and indolamines like serotonin can also have a neurotoxic effect when levels become too high leading to serotonin syndrome. (The topic of catecholamines and indolamines is extremely in-depth and complex so I have attempted to make this brief. The papers and information linked below goes into detail on these monamine subtype compounds and more, as many psychedelic drugs are tryptamine based).
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Bruxism - Uncontrolled clenching and grinding of the jaw which can be caused by many biological factors but is commonly seen in users of amphetamines, cocaine, cathinones, empathogens like MDMA, MDA, and many different psychedelics such as 2CB, 2CE, LSD, and more, and can be treated with mouthgards or more easily by taking magnesium supplements and doing jaw stretches to prevent grinding and clenching.
