No, mushrooms don't grow on basic soil like plants... they grow on substrate they like, food for them - rice flour is used, but also grain berries like rye - seeds and the like also work. They also need a lot of water.
Problem is: not only the mushrooms you want like soggy wet rye, other fungus species and bacteria also love it. That's why you need to sterilize the whole thing before you add the mushroom spores. Skipping that will just lead to having everything contaminated with nasty micro organisms.
You need to have the substrate sterile (apart from adding those spores) at least as long as the colonization, which is when the spores grow throughout the food while eating it. After that you can 'expose' it, because the fungus will be more resilient and can protect itself from contamination - up to a point, it can still get 'sick'.
Professional would be using a flowhood and stuff, a shroom lab basically. The bare minimum would be doing a PF tek style grow, with jars filled with substrate, sterilized... making cakes (chunks of mycelium from the jars that will grow the mushrooms), growing them in a shotgun tub filled with perlite for the humidity.
Yes it's kinda involved in that you need to pay attention, arrange a number of materials, and put in some time. But it's not rocket science. Not as easy as growing plants like you are asking about though, sorry.