How is perceived sweetness calculated?

[MyExcuse]

I've recently been interested in artificial sweeteners due to my girlfriend starting a diet and needing a sugar replacement.

I see a lot of information on how one sweetener may be "100x perceived sweetness of sugar" but I'm curious how that is calculated.

My personal interest has become finding a way to combine a perfect ratio of sugar alcohols to mimic the flavor of sugar.

Also in finding a way to mimic sugar with bioactive substances (ie, Sarcosine, Trehalose)

 

[serotonin2A]

Usually substances are compared to a standard solution of sucrose. So if 0.1 mg/ml of a compound is as sweet as 10 mg/ml sucrose then it is 100x as sweet.

 

[sekio]

I see a lot of information on how one sweetener may be "100x perceived sweetness of sugar" but I'm curious how that is calculated.

Either comparison to a standard solution of sucrose, or by measuring the lowest detectable quantity percieved as "sweet" & comparing that # to sugar's detection limit.