• N&PD Moderators: Skorpio | thegreenhand

  • Neuroscience & Pharmacology Discussion Welcome Guest
    Posting Rules Bluelight Rules
    Recent Journal Articles Chemistry Mega-Thread
    FREE Chemistry Databases! Self-Education Guide

Ketamine salts solubility

Status
Not open for further replies.
Brain-scans of psychopathic murderers almost universally show lowered effects from serotonin despite the amount they posses and this is linked to being born from mothers who have an over-abundance of serotonin exposing their fetus during development in utero to the heightened amount which makes them unresponsive to the effects of serotonin later in life. (also, it seems, a very liable-to-be-correct theory to homosexuality is an overabundance of testosterone in the womb effecting development, one would think it would have the opposite effect of being hyper-heterosexual because testosterone affects sexual drive in both males & females but that seems not to be the case)

It's not so much toxicity, as an unusual response curve to an anomalous baseline amount at certain stages of fetal development. I suppose the unbalance can be considered toxic, but anything while in development can be detrimental, even soy, which isn't seemingly damaging to older fully grown adults. But it will cause four year old females to begin puberty, etc.
 
Novel psychoactive substance intoxication resulting in attempted murder

Shocking story but in my opinion the most interesting tidbit comes from the introductory paragraph:

The subject was seen by one of the authors (LT) to prepare a pre-trial psychiatric report. He had been charged with the attempted murder of his father. Mr X had a history of regular recreational use of a wide range of illicit drugs between the ages of 14 and 20. In his early twenties he became dependant on heroin, and was prescribed methadone which led to a reduction in his use of illicit drugs. He continued to use illicit drugs periodically, and also started using novel psychoactive substances regularly, which he obtained over the internet. He was a self-described “drug tester” for websites who sold novel psychoactive substances (NPS). He reported that the websites provided him with free samples of new drugs in exchange for him reporting on his drug experiences on internet forums for users of these drugs.
Click to expand...

How many reports on our website come from "drug testers" with links to RC selling websites? I know that I won't place as much faith in trip reports I read online from now on.
 
just wrote up a huge review of like 14 articles on Diffusion Tensor Imaging and its possible uses in the study of neuropharmacology only to have it eaten by my browser (autosave could not save it). Any way, it took an hour, now I'm pissed. Anyone want to look up diffusion tensor MRI or DTI, and share any papers that may be relevant I would appreciate it. DTI measures anisotropic diffusion across membranes, and theoretically can track neuronal pathways via - synaptic vesicle grabbed by SNAP/SNARE/Syntaxin proteins causing exocytosis of vesicle contents (water!, neurotransmitters) into synaptic cleft, followed by further diffusion of water across ion-channels - rinse and repeat. Could be great when looking at actual physiological mapping to go with current receptor mediated effects studies (this technique is like fMRI but with directionality (anisotropy), therefore each voxel contains more info, and better accuracy on activity)Here's some examples of application:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25877482

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25879622
 
Got the idea while looking at diagnostic tests to incorporate into a clinical trial on multiple sclerosis treatment - the technique is still in its infancy, but appears to have huge potential. If people could send me/post other research on the subject and there "expert" opinions I would appreciate it
 
Vigabatrin for Methamphetamine/Cocaine Dependence

Vigabatrin is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA-transamimase, the enzyme responsible for degrading GABA. Treatment with vigabatrin as standalone or adjunct therapy is indicated in infantile spasms (West Syndrome) in pediatric patients and in retractable complex partial seizures with or without secondary generalization in adult patients.

Use of vigabatrin is associated with progressive, typically permanent, visual field defect. Due to this effect with sustained use, it is not a first line treatment.

This study utilizes vigabatrin in a surprising off-label fashion to evaluate it's effect in patients with a long history of stimulant abuse and dependence. It is worth mentioning that visual field defect has not been shown to occur in less than twelve weeks of treatment.

Patients in this study were given a short course of vigabatrin treatment, and upon discontinuation, 16/18 remained drug free as suggested by toxicology screens.

It's a very interesting article, I just wanted to share.

http://archopht.jamanetwork.com/Mobile/article.aspx?articleid=418587
 
A group of psychedelic users have observed music enhancing the therapeutic effects of psychedelics. The Beckley Foudnations research has recently confirmed LSD Enhances Emotional Responses to Music. The following shows music itself also has great therapeutic potential. This demonstrates music improving quality of life in schizophrenics.

Perhaps in the future researchers could compare the long term outcome of music guided psychedelic therapy vs only psychedelic therapy vs traditional therapy.

Asian Nursing Research said:
Effect of the Group Music Therapy on Brain Wave, Behavior, and Cognitive Function among Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia.
Kwon M, et al. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2013.

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of group music therapy on brain waves, behavior, and cognitive function among patients with chronic schizophrenia.

METHODS: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used with nonequivalent control group. The potential participants were recruited from inpatients in a psychiatric facility in a metropolitan city, assigned either to the experimental group (n = 28) or to the control group (n = 27) according to their wards to avoid treatment contamination. The experimental group participated in the group music therapy for 13 sessions over 7 weeks while continuing their standard treatment. The control group only received a standard treatment provided in the hospitals. The outcome measures include brain wave by electroencephalography, behavior by Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation, and cognitive function by Mini-Mental State Examination.

RESULTS: After participating in 13 sessions of the group music therapy, alpha waves measured from eight different sites were consistently present for the experimental group (p = .006-.045) than the control group, revealing that the participants in the music therapy may have experienced more joyful emotions throughout the sessions. The experimental group also showed improved cognitive function (F = 13.46, p = .001) and positive behavior (social competence, social interest & personal neatness) while their negative behaviors was significantly less than those of the control group (F = 24.04, p < .001).

CONCLUSION: The group music therapy used in this study was an effective intervention for improving emotional relaxation, cognitive processing abilities along with positive behavioral changes in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Our results can be useful for establishing intervention strategies toward psychiatric rehabilitation for those who suffer from chronic mental illnesses.
Click to expand...


https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25030341/
 
Last edited:
After the book (out of print) 'Opioids' by R. Lenz et al, the single most useful paper on the active sites (by moety) are shown. 20 mu, 20 delta & 20 kappa agonists were tried and if you put almost any opioid into it, you can see the overlay. Only 3 things are important:

-Aromatic
-positively ionizable function
-2 hydrogen bond acceptors

The paper is 'Insights into subtype selectivity of opioid agonists by ligand-based and structure-based methods' by Jianxin Cheng & Guixia Liu & Jing Zhang & Zhejun Xu & Yun Tang. Journal of Molecular Modeling, Accepted 4 May 2010

DOI 10.1007/s00894-010-0745-1

If you're researching opioids, the book and this single paper (plus plenty of your own ink & paper) is all you need to research ALL opioids. I know that digital versions of the book exist, but lack the interface an ACTUAL book is much better and you will soon find it with 20-30 bookmarks with labels in tiny lettering.

I'm pretty confident that is covers everything with just 1 or 2 minor misses due to the training models not having allylprodine & 14-cinnamoyloxycodeinone - Even without the aromatic, the latter is still very strong with a propene ester. Neither does it explain BDPC & Ciramadol where the amine is benzyl... but let's say it covers >99% of all the information you will need for this, the largest, most variable class of centrally acting agents.
 
Ebola told me this is BL social equivalent of the cool kid's table and that I should come in and say "ahoy".

I personally don't think my slacks are spiffy enough for you types, but I won't know if I don't try!
 
I'm still living with my parents and trying to convince a pharamceutical company or government agency to produce the three antibiotics I've invented to finally and hopefully cure my neurosyphilis, which doctors insist I'm crazy for believing I have. As far as other possible delusions go, I'm convinced I'm Shiva and probably also the AntiChrist, who will burn in Hell for eternity for being gay and having like 8 gay flings this year or just for being Jesus' blacksheep twin brother whom he hates. Luckily, my HIV test came back negative again, and I have once again retreated to a life of possible indefinite celibacy, not including masturbation to gay porn. Also, I'm on methamphetamine again. It gets a bad rap, but it's not nearly as bad for your well being as MDPV, in my estimation.

So yeah, I'm still bonkers.
 
There aren't any biochemists in this discussion? I skimmed some parts but you would think this would be the place... I have degrees in Biochemistry and Chemistry with graduate work/research in molecular regulation of cell function, applied science experience in advanced flow-cytometry/FACS, and currently work in clinical translation of stem cell science.

I wish I knew this thread was here before, but it seems like a pretty slow place. There should be a concerted recruiting effort on other sub-forums to increase activity - It feels like this could be a place for very productive conversation.
 
The paradoxical psychological effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).

The present findings reinforce the view that psychedelics elicit psychosis-like symptoms acutely yet improve psychological wellbeing in the mid to long term. It is proposed that acute alterations in mood are secondary to a more fundamental modulation in the quality of cognition, and that increased cognitive flexibility subsequent to serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) stimulation promotes emotional lability during intoxication and leaves a residue of 'loosened cognition' in the mid to long term that is conducive to improved psychological wellbeing.
Click to expand...

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26847689?dopt=Abstract

Death in a legal poppy field in Spain: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26844398
 
Last edited:
Exploring the therapeutic potential of Ayahuasca

Journal of Psychopharmacology said:
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2015 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print]

Exploring the therapeutic potential of Ayahuasca: acute intake increases mindfulness-related capacities.
Soler J1,2,3, Elices M1,3,4,5, Franquesa A4,6, Barker S7, Friedlander P8, Feilding A8, Pascual JC1,3,4, Riba J9,10,11,12.

Author information

1 Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
2 Departamento de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
3 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
4 Departamento de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
5 Programa de Cognición, Instituto de Fundamentos y Métodos, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
6 Les Corts Centre d'Higiene Mental, Barcelona, Spain.
7 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Drive at River Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
8 The Beckley Foundation, Beckley Park, Oxford, OX3 9SY, UK.
9 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain. jriba[at]santpau.cat.
10 Centre d'Investigació de Medicaments, Servei de Farmacologia Clínica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. jriba[at]santpau.cat.
11 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain. jriba[at]santpau.cat.
12 Human Neuropsychopharmacology Group, Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-Sant Pau), C/ Sant Antoni María Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. jriba[at]santpau.cat.



Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Ayahuasca is a psychotropic plant tea used for ritual purposes by the indigenous populations of the Amazon. In the last two decades, its use has expanded worldwide. The tea contains the psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), plus β-carboline alkaloids with monoamine-oxidase-inhibiting properties. Acute administration induces an introspective dream-like experience characterized by visions and autobiographic and emotional memories. Studies of long-term users have suggested its therapeutic potential, reporting that its use has helped individuals abandon the consumption of addictive drugs. Furthermore, recent open-label studies in patients with treatment-resistant depression found that a single ayahuasca dose induced a rapid antidepressant effect that was maintained weeks after administration. Here, we conducted an exploratory study of the psychological mechanisms that could underlie the beneficial effects of ayahuasca.


METHODS:

We assessed a group of 25 individuals before and 24 h after an ayahuasca session using two instruments designed to measure mindfulness capacities: The Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the Experiences Questionnaire (EQ).


RESULTS:

Ayahuasca intake led to significant increases in two facets of the FFMQ indicating a reduction in judgmental processing of experiences and in inner reactivity. It also led to a significant increase in decentering ability as measured by the EQ. These changes are classic goals of conventional mindfulness training, and the scores obtained are in the range of those observed after extensive mindfulness practice.


CONCLUSIONS:

The present findings support the claim that ayahuasca has therapeutic potential and suggest that this potential is due to an increase in mindfulness capacities.



KEYWORDS:
Ayahuasca; Decentering; Human; Mindfulness; Therapeutic potential

PMID:
26612618
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Click to expand...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26612618/
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Top