thegreenhand
Bluelight Crew
Unintentional Drug Overdose Fatalities in Philadelphia, 2021
Higgins et al.
Philadelphia Department of Public Health
Oct 2022
Abstract:
Higgins et al.
Philadelphia Department of Public Health
Oct 2022
Abstract:
In Philadelphia, PA, unintentional drug overdoses 1 contribute to significant premature mortality. In 2021, Philadelphia reported the highest number of unintentional overdose deaths on record, with 1,276 fatalities, a 5% increase from 2020. Eighty-two percent of 2021 overdose fatalities involved opioids, a class of drugs that include pharmaceutical opioids, heroin, and fentanyl, a strong synthetic opioid that is a significant driver of fatal overdoses. Trends in 2021 overdose fatalities also demonstrated a rise in deaths associated with stimulant use, with 67% of deaths containing stimulants, including cocaine and methamphetamine. While most stimulant-involved deaths also involved opioids, unintentional overdose fatalities where only stimulants were involved also increased.
Unintentional overdose deaths in Philadelphia have historically been highest among Non-Hispanic White (NH) individuals. However, in 2021 overdose fatalities were highest among NH Black individuals. Most deaths among NH Black individuals occurred in males but deaths among NH Black females increased 29% from 2020. While opioid-only deaths decreased across all race/ethnicity groups from 2020 to 2021, previously from 2019 to 2020, opioid-only deaths increased among NH Black individuals and decreased among NH White individuals. From 2019 to 2021, opioid and stimulant-involved deaths also increased at a higher rate among NH Black individuals. Stimulant-only deaths have historically been highest among NH Black individuals, a trend which has continued in 2021. Thus, racial disparities in overdose fatalities, particularly among stimulant-involved deaths, are driving the observed increase in overall unintentional overdose deaths in Philadelphia.
This CHART examines unintentional overdose trends through 2021. In addition to Philadelphia’s changing drug supply, the lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic should be considered when examining these trends, specifically the impact on mental health, social isolation, and access to healthcare, treatment, and harm reduction services.