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Natural nutrient resources [making a compost heap]

Blowmonkey

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I thought it'd be a nice idea for a thread, especially for the broke ass growers amongst us.. ;)

First off, not for the compost heap, but a home-made extract of willow twigs.
Willow water
Native Americans and early settlers used willow bark for toothaches and applied it to the source of other pains. But they also recognized that you can actually grow a whole new tree by taking a stem and sticking it in moist soil. The hormones in willows cause rapid rooting, and they discovered these same hormones could induce rooting in other plants, too.

To harness this power, they made a tonic called “willow water” by collecting willow twigs, trimming the leaves, immersing the stems in a pail of water, and pouring the water on newly planted trees, shrubs, and bedding plants. Commercial rooting preparations contain a synthetic form of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and growing tips of willows contain high concentrations of IBA, depending on the quantity used and length of time you soak them. Any willow (Salix) tree or shrub species will work.

Steep twigs in a half-gallon of boiling water overnight. Refrigerated liquid kept in a jar with a tight-fitting lid will remain effective up to two months. (Label jar so you won’t confuse it with your homemade moonshine.) Overnight, soak cuttings you wish to root. Or water soil into which you have planted your cuttings with the willow water. Two applications should be sufficient. Some cuttings root directly in a jar of willow water. Make a fresh batch for each use. You can also use lukewarm water and let twigs soak for 24-48 hours.
http://www.bluestem.ca/willow-article1.htm

Great site, also another suggestion on there is to use aspirins to prevent disease, see the site for more details on that.

On to the composting.

It's pretty simple if you get everything right. I'll sum up the basics. You'll need a spot out of the direct sun, a bit shaded and sheltered, but if you live in a cold climate a bit of sun will do good. Try to keep it on the lawn and not on concrete or something, else you'll exclude the worms and microbes that help to decompose the pile. Oh, and don't set the pile up too close to your neighbours, they probably won't like it. =D

A compost heap consists out of greens and browns, the greens containing nitrogen, the browns containing carbon, ideally you want your compost heap to contain approximately 25:1 in carbon:nitrogen, so 25 parts brown, 1 part green. Greens are usually living plants (such as grass), or scraps from the household (such as coffee), browns are dried up and brittle plants (such as hay). Make sure you've got a wide range of materials to use, if you use too little materials it won't work as good, shredding everything to smaller pieces also helps significantly. The other essential ingredients are air and water. You want the compost to be moist to the touch, but not wet, too wet is just as bad as too dry, so keep an eye on that. The compost should also be aerated sufficiently, as to speed up the process, so turn it around regularly.

I'll list a couple of common materials to use in a compost heap:
Greens:
Grass clippings and other plants high in nitrogen (such as stinging nettles or alfalfa)
Seaweed (rinse it first though)
Animal manure (no manure from carnivores, keep it to chickens, rodents or cows, also make sure this ferments for at least 4 months to kill of dangerous pathogens)
Coffee and other household scraps (vegetables, fruits,

Browns:
Hay or straw (preferably straw as it contains no seeds and weeds which can grow in the compost)
Leaves
Pine needles
Sugars (such as molasses or syrups)
Saw dust or wood chips (not from processed or painted wood)
Cardboard or paper

Other valuable additives could be egg shells or wood ash. Be careful adding meat, bones, fish, dairy products or greasy foods, it will attract vermin. Also don't add diseased plants, dead animals or manure from carnivores, you don't want to spread disease. That's pretty much it, not much to it really. Please add additional information if you feel it's beneficial, I made this pretty fast so I'm sure I've left some stuff out.
 
How could I forget.. A good source of nitrogen is urine, yes, piss. It has to be diluted though, 1 part urine, 10 parts water. Can be used immediately. Infact, I'd advise against keeping it around for a longer period of time.. For obvious reasons. :D
 
the raw ingredients arent useful by themselves. they have to be prepared (broken down, rot) to be usable. bacteria, worms and other tiny critters break down the compost for you to use. you create the pile of crap and let it sit for a while, misting and turning it. the air and light moisture helps bacteria break down the heap from raw crap to usable crap...

how long until compost is usable?

would you recommend a compost accelerator?

do i plant the plants directly in the compost? or just use compost in addition to the natural soil?

many of your ingredients, when mixed, will create different consistencies. some much more compact (less airy) and some more airy. what can i add to make my mixture more airy? less airy?



additional info... the willow water is an organic alternative to chemical cloning solutions.
 
mintalyelevatid said:
how long until compost is usable?

Depends on the efficiency of your compost heap. Stuff goes fast in the summer, but takes longer in the winter. But you'll pretty much know when you can use it, when it has turned into a black, dark-brown earth you can use it.

would you recommend a compost accelerator?

It never hurts to add, but isn't essential.

do i plant the plants directly in the compost? or just use compost in addition to the natural soil?

The former is possible, but the latter is preferable.

many of your ingredients, when mixed, will create different consistencies. some much more compact (less airy) and some more airy. what can i add to make my mixture more airy? less airy?

I dunno what to add dude, just stir it around really good and make sure it's being turned around frequently. You could also make a raised bed with sticks & twigs, to get air beneath your compost heap. But other than that, I really dunno.
 
I come from a family of compost freaks, and I was under the impression browns were for phosphorus. Carbon is provided to plants via photosynthesis, so organic carbon is pretty useless for the plant, but the phosphorus is a definate help. In my area, nitrogen is the limiting nutrient (as in most cases). Phosphorus would be number 2.

If you need cheap nitrogen use urine or very dilute ammonia.
 
ok well my family always have a compost heap...

we never turned ours that often but that was because the dogs a) liked tii dig it for us looking for rats and b)thought the compost itself was delicious... they eat some of it as well

we have actually got a compost bin, but thats unnecesarry, just pile up all organice waste from your kitchen (bar meat produce/waste) in a shady place that plants wont grow anyway

heres a tip though, if putting guinea pig or rabbit waste in as we do, try to avoid adding too much newspaper, it stops it breaking down properly, just like too much grass does,


nice tip about the willow, also mintalyelevatid, wouldn't clonign solution just be rooting compunds in solution form? so in fact what blowmonkey already said.


if you have some yarrow even in small amounts is a compost accelerator, and comfrey is a very useful plant

leave the leaves in a bucket of rainwater for a couple of weeks=powerful potash rich liquid ferts

cut stems and leaves and dig into soil ready for planting=pretreating for soil

layers in your compost heap=compost accelerator
my garden has too much if this stuff...eccelent
 
BigBenn said:
I come from a family of compost freaks, and I was under the impression browns were for phosphorus. Carbon is provided to plants via photosynthesis, so organic carbon is pretty useless for the plant, but the phosphorus is a definate help.

Nope, the carbon is used by the bugs and bacteria as fuel to release the nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium from the decaying materials.

Good call on the yarrow, hedgewitch, I didn't know that. Stuff grows like crazy across the road overhere.
 
tis ok,

i made some willow water today (there are advantages to living in a town built around a river)

heres an idea, you could grow clover around the base of the plants. choose one you dig from the grounds that does have root nodes. the rootnodes depend on the clover coming into contact with rizobium at seedling atage, or so i was taught.

either way if you do plant it with root nodes around your plants it will fix nitrogen from the air into the soil for you (atmosphericn nitrogen being unavailable to plants, though the bacterior in legumes root nodules can turn it into delicious accesable nitrates)


anyone got a fish tank? the water from a well stocked fish tank will contain fish waste products that are beneficial to your plants, well as far as i know.
 
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