kokaino
Bluelighter
- Joined
- Sep 8, 2007
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Have you only tried Diconal but not morphine? Well then I've got a deal for you.J/K
Both are good, but Diconal is reputed to be up there with ketobemidone(supposedly the most addictive opioid ever made).
Dipipanone (Diconal) and ketobemidone are not up and beyond morphine or the 3,6-diesters of morphine (morphines immediate family, which includes diacetylmorphine or morphine diacetate also known as "heroin", which is a morphine prodrug). There is a misconception that drugs like ketobemidone and Diconal are far more prone to abuse than other opioids (some are highly abusable, but not anymore than morphine/heroin or its closest relatives are). Prescriptions for these drugs are not rare because they are so highly addictive, but the BNF marks the substance as "less suitable for prescribing" along with other older compounds such as pethidine (Demerol) and pentazocine (Talwin) with unusual abuse patterns. Some of these drugs produce toxic metabolites or they have "unusual abuse patterns". Diconal, for example, was prepared in combination with cyclizine. This combo leads to a very strong "rush" if the drug is injected, however the tablets contain insoluble binders which led to many limb amputations and some fatalities (as with temazepam, which was taken from Schedule 4 to 3 but has Schedule I restrictions on it and at one time it too was marked as "less suitable for prescribing" by the BNF). During the late 1970s to early 1980s in the UK, many deaths were blamed on misuse of the Diconal preparation.
Similar prescribing guidelines apply to ketobemidone for similar reasons. Pentazocine (Talwin) has similar restrictions (but I'm sure you know that this drug is no where even close to being anywhere near the top). This isn't like the extensive benzo abuse liability study which clearly determined triazolam followed by temazepam were the most reinforcing benzodiazepines known based on self-administration and "liking" rates from various mammals (rhesus monkeys, baboons, rats, mice, etc) and even humans.
I have not ever found a study or research paper which says that any opiate/opioid is more habit-forming than morphine. Either they can "produce morphine-like dependence" or they are "less risk of abuse compared to morphine". There is a study on the Wiki heroin and morphine pages cite a study that claims this:
In controlled studies comparing the physiological and subjective effects of injected heroin and morphine in individuals formerly addicted to opiates, subjects showed no preference for one drug over the other. Equipotent, injected doses had comparable action courses, with no difference in subjects' self-rated feelings of euphoria, ambition, nervousness, relaxation, drowsiness, or sleepiness. Short-term addiction studies by the same researchers demonstrated that tolerance developed at a similar rate to both heroin and morphine. When compared to the opioids hydromorphone, fentanyl, oxycodone, and pethidine/meperidine, former addicts showed a strong preference for heroin and morphine, suggesting that heroin and morphine are particularly susceptible to abuse and addiction. Morphine and heroin were also much more likely to produce euphoria and other positive subjective effects when compared to these other opioids. The choice of heroin and morphine over other opioids by former-drug addicts may also be the result of the fact that heroin (also known as morphine diacetate, diamorphine or di-acetyl-morphine) is an ester salt of morphine and a morphine prodrug, essentially meaning that they are identical drugs in vivo. Heroin is converted to morphine before binding to the opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, where morphine then causes the subjective effects, which is what the addicted individuals are ultimately looking for.
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